tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49633202301369359552024-03-05T02:10:09.357-05:00No seeds, no fruits, no flowers: no problem.Adventures in fern biologyEmilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.comBlogger188125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-54903527060444684402016-04-08T18:30:00.000-04:002016-04-08T18:30:04.017-04:00Desert flowersThe last two posts have focused on desert ferns, but it's only fair to share some photos of the incredible flowers we saw too. Thanks to above average rainfall this spring, the desert was truly in bloom, and we caught the end of a major flowering of cacti and desert annuals. Here is a small sampling of what we saw.<br />
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First, an assortment of cacti:<br />
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Next, a classic feature of the Sonoran and other southern deserts, Ocotillo (<i>Fouquieria splendens)</i>: </div>
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A beautiful <i>Yucca </i>and a few other flowers:</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Phoradendron californicum</i>, a mistletoe</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Member of Malvaceae, the cotton family</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Palafoxia</i> sp., member of the sunflower family, Asteraceae</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Funastrum cynanchoides, </i>a vining milkweed</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Epipactis gigantea</i>, an orchid!</td></tr>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-12267862537278020602016-04-04T12:00:00.000-04:002016-04-04T12:00:07.625-04:00Desert ferns: not MyriopterisMy <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2016/03/desert-ferns-myriopteris.html" target="_blank">last post</a> focused on several species of <i>Myriopteris</i> ferns we found in the Anza Borrego desert region of southern California. In addition, we found a few other species of ferns that also deserve highlighting. These included <i>Pellaea mucronata,</i> <i>Pentagramma triangularis, </i>and <i>Adiantum capillus-veneris</i>, all members of the family Pteridaceae (like <i>Myriopteris</i>). <i>Adiantum </i>was a particularly pleasant surprise because it is not a particularly desert-adapted fern at all. We found it at the end of a long hike up Hellhole Canyon in Anza Borrego Desert Park, at the very aptly named Maidenhair Falls. Clearly the ferns survive in that location thanks to the waterfall!<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="text-align: start;">Pellaea mucronata</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMEhmjrS6RqHePHKyWFjwqAbEqwmwGpzpTc2b3aZRIUehXGNN4Nm1_M0qIk5Wm9D6GyiWB1fXHHUF0wF4rJ9O6WJ37XqUfPvzlqAjMXskBP348IMV57z5Cz4F7D7tnLZGSvlPYnLXbM8c/s1600/IMG_1643.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMEhmjrS6RqHePHKyWFjwqAbEqwmwGpzpTc2b3aZRIUehXGNN4Nm1_M0qIk5Wm9D6GyiWB1fXHHUF0wF4rJ9O6WJ37XqUfPvzlqAjMXskBP348IMV57z5Cz4F7D7tnLZGSvlPYnLXbM8c/s320/IMG_1643.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="text-align: start;">Pellaea mucronata </i><span style="text-align: start;">and <i>Myriopteris viscida</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pentagramma triangularis</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT-yUeUhic_b9XT7O5c0A2xGiDru7Vw1EIAZyV-r8xVSA-hpW35mI5C2jq-XExNE9uAtrpJIoPblwaW2C4zjkJs_EHSXKEXTunA5tVALVNexGA3RciOPmXM-3YMyCUULsadbIZ0doX3HY/s1600/IMG_1778.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT-yUeUhic_b9XT7O5c0A2xGiDru7Vw1EIAZyV-r8xVSA-hpW35mI5C2jq-XExNE9uAtrpJIoPblwaW2C4zjkJs_EHSXKEXTunA5tVALVNexGA3RciOPmXM-3YMyCUULsadbIZ0doX3HY/s320/IMG_1778.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pentagramma triangularis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcIBzgJJVc0WhNkSPfXGV4e0sl5OxohiabKsV-joEiI3eJA3Jr9S2R2hfsGKJkqEblMaZPd08KbYDFaqLGFfHmwrIH-BSyFnhHlv-rJgPnpvwQA8yOfztfim9b_Z9Wm8bnbruf2qYZAkY/s1600/IMG_1803.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcIBzgJJVc0WhNkSPfXGV4e0sl5OxohiabKsV-joEiI3eJA3Jr9S2R2hfsGKJkqEblMaZPd08KbYDFaqLGFfHmwrIH-BSyFnhHlv-rJgPnpvwQA8yOfztfim9b_Z9Wm8bnbruf2qYZAkY/s320/IMG_1803.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Adiantum capillus-veneris</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWTXzQCnWlrgwahSjyIXRk0kA8Z4J8EHeMeeO6Ju4rv-j-BWaKqqtoY1IQLiN24lFT1YAZZR2De8oy4QDjJRTFAC3KQeSgplkb8py25eFsQRLi5P-NU3SCPazLfhROwPlEYGFHuzVkBRw/s1600/IMG_1809.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWTXzQCnWlrgwahSjyIXRk0kA8Z4J8EHeMeeO6Ju4rv-j-BWaKqqtoY1IQLiN24lFT1YAZZR2De8oy4QDjJRTFAC3KQeSgplkb8py25eFsQRLi5P-NU3SCPazLfhROwPlEYGFHuzVkBRw/s320/IMG_1809.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Adiantum capillus-veneris</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
Last but not least, we found a signature desert lycophyte, <i>Selaginella eremophila. </i>This one is nice and green, probably thanks to some recent rains that brought it back to life. Many <i>Selaginella </i>species are resurrection plants, able to dry out completely and rehydrate quickly when water becomes available again. Most of the ones we saw were brown and crispy; this one was a lucky find. I previously blogged about <i>Selaginella</i> and their resurrection abilities <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2012/11/selaginella.html" target="_blank">here</a>.</div>
<div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy_e18zi9TA6WbBR48DBSgQ-dAop8ow_arpnG6ho6sLQ9VX3zNcHi-f4AsCG5amb0NQt0yfE2xUKPgeXu54UXwkGxlfjKII-i4wBEL6s09apNv7ZxXh6VZSlXOp_W15_KFABmaGOxgldw/s1600/IMG_1752.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy_e18zi9TA6WbBR48DBSgQ-dAop8ow_arpnG6ho6sLQ9VX3zNcHi-f4AsCG5amb0NQt0yfE2xUKPgeXu54UXwkGxlfjKII-i4wBEL6s09apNv7ZxXh6VZSlXOp_W15_KFABmaGOxgldw/s320/IMG_1752.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Selaginella eremophila</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-1349079540633226182016-03-29T20:05:00.000-04:002016-03-29T20:05:49.486-04:00Desert ferns: MyriopterisI spent most of last week in the desert southwest of the U.S., visiting <a href="http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=638" target="_blank">Anza Borrego Desert State Park</a> in southern California. I went as part of a Desert Ecology course offered through the UW-Madison Botany Department, my PhD alma mater, and led by my PhD advisor <a href="http://www.botany.wisc.edu/givnish/Givnish/Welcome.html" target="_blank">Tom Givnish</a> and the department's new plant physiological ecologist, <a href="http://www.botany.wisc.edu/mcculloh.htm" target="_blank">Kate McCulloh</a>. We spent the first part of the week exploring Anza Borrego and the Borrego Springs area, taking field trips as far away as the Salton Sea, Joshua Tree National Park, and Mt. San Jacinto.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilvhRVkFLgG0qT9HMa2X1Lx-fo5-DTpd_Sl3v2R5MUmLQESKPiRfYSi0rsZkUcZthmhpOqg33y1PUQLRaTlaNmE9yb2OMGqLkE7yiOAuY7nzjV7ohoOUitLCTA66HxUZzOguY2wE47_Y4/s1600/anzaborrego.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilvhRVkFLgG0qT9HMa2X1Lx-fo5-DTpd_Sl3v2R5MUmLQESKPiRfYSi0rsZkUcZthmhpOqg33y1PUQLRaTlaNmE9yb2OMGqLkE7yiOAuY7nzjV7ohoOUitLCTA66HxUZzOguY2wE47_Y4/s400/anzaborrego.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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You've probably heard that this year is an El Niño year, which has resulted in excess rainfall in this part of the country, and a rare "superbloom" in areas like Death Valley. The flowers were also out in full force in the Anza Borrego area, and we had a wonderful time learning to identify the desert annuals that were in bloom and thinking about their ecology and relation to the landscape. But of course, for me there was another highlight - the ferns! There is actually a large radiation of ferns in the desert southwest, with a suite of adaptations for living in this often punishing environment. We managed to find six species of ferns during our few days there, which isn't a bad haul.<br />
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Three of the species we found belong to the genus <i>Myriopteris</i>, a classic xeric-adapted group of ferns in the family Pteridaceae. Many of the members of this genus formerly belonged to the genus <i>Cheilanthes</i>, but a beautiful recent study by my fern friend Amanda Grusz, currently a postdoc at the Smithsonian Institution, revealed that the ferns now called <i>Myriopteris </i>all form a clade, and should therefore be named accordingly. You can find Amanda's great paper on the evolution of this genus <a href="http://pryerlab.biology.duke.edu/uploads/media_items/grusz-et-al-2014-syst-bot.original.pdf" target="_blank">here</a>.<br />
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The three species we found are<i> Myriopteris covillei</i>, <i>M. parryi</i>, and <i>M. viscida</i>. In the photos below, you can see some of these ferns' adaptations for desert living, including small stature, and being coated with a dense layer of hairs and/or scales, to slow water loss. They also tend to live in rocky cracks and crevices out of direct sunlight.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCm3go7UM7382GMxTAggXHhF1ojihQPgTfVYDXpcDOoYxuFuT463giRlUS2Hy4tKDpsgZgk9awta9vNCuF98YeU2hauEMzVbu0vOjdUaGZaiGE2QRvFf6ienHpl02a0uEoYKgG2MKreg/s1600/IMG_1634.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCm3go7UM7382GMxTAggXHhF1ojihQPgTfVYDXpcDOoYxuFuT463giRlUS2Hy4tKDpsgZgk9awta9vNCuF98YeU2hauEMzVbu0vOjdUaGZaiGE2QRvFf6ienHpl02a0uEoYKgG2MKreg/s320/IMG_1634.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">L to R: <i>M. parryi, M. covillei, M. viscida</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjOdbZqtE-8MdMMGlk4Va2-P_BG4rI-QeeFbDJ9DVETb8gUkiOBWPs_BX4xqPg2N447y0rZwZLgFH-b5IjExD5pByxCaxoYhfnE-kYvr-mneUwcUl3FuQK9k5mPI6rLbFQPWOp2_8bOO4/s1600/IMG_1625.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjOdbZqtE-8MdMMGlk4Va2-P_BG4rI-QeeFbDJ9DVETb8gUkiOBWPs_BX4xqPg2N447y0rZwZLgFH-b5IjExD5pByxCaxoYhfnE-kYvr-mneUwcUl3FuQK9k5mPI6rLbFQPWOp2_8bOO4/s320/IMG_1625.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris</i><i> viscida</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9ozRSUZubd6fQDHS_jSyWhi0VGh5fuJOrtkJ_5E2UUaTlNVthvWouiYVYq-d2TwNOZd3tIn1902MNfA2q1eGwSxAx1yeqlcvao1RB9btjv78DrLo2Pm9boV8cwznH9p112Xt5IDT7I6s/s1600/IMG_1629.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9ozRSUZubd6fQDHS_jSyWhi0VGh5fuJOrtkJ_5E2UUaTlNVthvWouiYVYq-d2TwNOZd3tIn1902MNfA2q1eGwSxAx1yeqlcvao1RB9btjv78DrLo2Pm9boV8cwznH9p112Xt5IDT7I6s/s320/IMG_1629.jpg" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris</i><i> covillei</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmSWHAYfLQmCXqll6UAm5Rwrzm50u2L6VJPkXn0RY0uhLRPhss9B1PoLpbTZTwYYFVrdbYpdx14CbqGfLU2yqOVUFPAmUFiCPjd8Rx1NhXJh9kZPBxWSS0TNx6yqXPNaT4ogwKrfh5giI/s1600/IMG_1683.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmSWHAYfLQmCXqll6UAm5Rwrzm50u2L6VJPkXn0RY0uhLRPhss9B1PoLpbTZTwYYFVrdbYpdx14CbqGfLU2yqOVUFPAmUFiCPjd8Rx1NhXJh9kZPBxWSS0TNx6yqXPNaT4ogwKrfh5giI/s320/IMG_1683.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris</i><i> covillei</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPuo-lfd77ZH2Tayq9Lf7PtzhMxodDDV7oFWv72UQ8-3qjUZnm7TXYNNFgV6OG1MNsTTzbMDg-NP4CktXJR1gSQBNpHvNRb9RWL31X4gtC2-OsknzmihzTev4cvhCL4VAYj-ckYYbi_P0/s1600/IMG_1684.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPuo-lfd77ZH2Tayq9Lf7PtzhMxodDDV7oFWv72UQ8-3qjUZnm7TXYNNFgV6OG1MNsTTzbMDg-NP4CktXJR1gSQBNpHvNRb9RWL31X4gtC2-OsknzmihzTev4cvhCL4VAYj-ckYYbi_P0/s320/IMG_1684.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris</i><i> covillei</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpxOB0rS-gNCPSITaalkbVAY-HVI9j9lvnB7nhueWRGc49oHAYvax0SY6L5LT1gXliE5U6-H-2k7gsRBXemggQv4rfXINYqrZ9wEMrK3SFVtO2qfONKOAgIAzLfBT1nrOVFSWtR6rEFFM/s1600/IMG_1686.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpxOB0rS-gNCPSITaalkbVAY-HVI9j9lvnB7nhueWRGc49oHAYvax0SY6L5LT1gXliE5U6-H-2k7gsRBXemggQv4rfXINYqrZ9wEMrK3SFVtO2qfONKOAgIAzLfBT1nrOVFSWtR6rEFFM/s320/IMG_1686.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris covillei</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA_AFOV_HHeRowaviR_TqF4MQztwVA2IrU6JpQVrFrH-NvhcmlOsDY8DTibd0g5DsL4dMXuZNK2NfCLx0-8BilhSdCGViSs2Z8RzbdAmKn6hXqRqgtY6Jx-8GuSyymE4XKu1-rHhuHwpk/s1600/IMG_1682.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA_AFOV_HHeRowaviR_TqF4MQztwVA2IrU6JpQVrFrH-NvhcmlOsDY8DTibd0g5DsL4dMXuZNK2NfCLx0-8BilhSdCGViSs2Z8RzbdAmKn6hXqRqgtY6Jx-8GuSyymE4XKu1-rHhuHwpk/s320/IMG_1682.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The <i>M. covillei</i> pictured above were found hiding out under these huge rock formations in Joshua Tree</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKsCRhA4mYgdKwzjmygVLtVcd73qo0hoKVkhJgLSY0ZqusA0BL7LlMh8rSKOMsr9B0WmW42OK_keRMXrQcIANSkx2di5uZttQdm6ufrMUZt2Sgrg_W32EnSs5QKITDP-1n8dycC64Tl70/s1600/IMG_1595.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKsCRhA4mYgdKwzjmygVLtVcd73qo0hoKVkhJgLSY0ZqusA0BL7LlMh8rSKOMsr9B0WmW42OK_keRMXrQcIANSkx2di5uZttQdm6ufrMUZt2Sgrg_W32EnSs5QKITDP-1n8dycC64Tl70/s320/IMG_1595.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris parryi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrLNp8z2hhIvTj27_A8RxZmpvy6goFaJvu7Wmyw16-ADD_EXtndDbl9AtLd9WsyS36D0d3TOAUYCpvCLekwC8u9ZR5iZJsJ6YwJI9l6dATuMri6OsNfogI36N0Y679XzbO3WFEDYRZ9gw/s1600/IMG_1750.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrLNp8z2hhIvTj27_A8RxZmpvy6goFaJvu7Wmyw16-ADD_EXtndDbl9AtLd9WsyS36D0d3TOAUYCpvCLekwC8u9ZR5iZJsJ6YwJI9l6dATuMri6OsNfogI36N0Y679XzbO3WFEDYRZ9gw/s320/IMG_1750.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris parryi</i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK4Sa0AtSZ0ccYPDyvb7olOqFJXVYzqkPOnRtyJDUmjMRkSCbJBHGlsQAbNNOTJHpbdT1HpgU-n2yPcmF_UztVi4GaNdqsyB0TQr_x5xfOu_0H5P8S84Cqkx7vAuIpENJDRHUsZh13r2E/s1600/IMG_1757.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK4Sa0AtSZ0ccYPDyvb7olOqFJXVYzqkPOnRtyJDUmjMRkSCbJBHGlsQAbNNOTJHpbdT1HpgU-n2yPcmF_UztVi4GaNdqsyB0TQr_x5xfOu_0H5P8S84Cqkx7vAuIpENJDRHUsZh13r2E/s320/IMG_1757.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris parryi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBxxT94Yx3ocWxyhXncSlAITJco1GA5SRm_84gW_Erzs3v6Z8AtRQREpJ-XVhsmGcJnqxcJxZVO391euOlggf0vS0N4Z-jogBl1-C_PvhfDgkHnoEy_V73XXrmIuS4f0-kYHuT1GrwH8s/s1600/IMG_1759.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBxxT94Yx3ocWxyhXncSlAITJco1GA5SRm_84gW_Erzs3v6Z8AtRQREpJ-XVhsmGcJnqxcJxZVO391euOlggf0vS0N4Z-jogBl1-C_PvhfDgkHnoEy_V73XXrmIuS4f0-kYHuT1GrwH8s/s320/IMG_1759.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris parryi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB-N1H8oYtht2iVkLK68b6bcGE2YuUoCl3G2oMmA9UCayISK0zPLsPB-ElH_9rwiwR064odxq4f9rWbj2j1lk4aTiYjuyHGaJVaOb9JAoR_fdC84lWmaF2w32i5QZ38nOHQ97L89K1b1M/s1600/IMG_1763.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB-N1H8oYtht2iVkLK68b6bcGE2YuUoCl3G2oMmA9UCayISK0zPLsPB-ElH_9rwiwR064odxq4f9rWbj2j1lk4aTiYjuyHGaJVaOb9JAoR_fdC84lWmaF2w32i5QZ38nOHQ97L89K1b1M/s320/IMG_1763.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Myriopteris parryi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtyE01zAgD71m89cIc88-joIdFoPBJYXz-AyiXBmlTIlDgSnUJr06dA9V0rD9s3HS_ceLJHXuTDNr7ew30Q5KlDpQCq8cy6xXKe5ibr9QD5H2LeCUosFuQ3XQHV2QMeDSLrFzui6dPOk8/s1600/IMG_1764.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtyE01zAgD71m89cIc88-joIdFoPBJYXz-AyiXBmlTIlDgSnUJr06dA9V0rD9s3HS_ceLJHXuTDNr7ew30Q5KlDpQCq8cy6xXKe5ibr9QD5H2LeCUosFuQ3XQHV2QMeDSLrFzui6dPOk8/s320/IMG_1764.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The desert just feet away from this population of <i>M. parryi</i>!</td></tr>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-88626649802937290602015-12-07T18:40:00.000-05:002016-03-13T20:56:10.874-04:00Pine Rocklands fungiWe took another trip to southern Florida to visit the Pine Rocklands this weekend. While we saw many beautiful plants (which is of course the purpose of our collecting visits), I wanted to highlight some really beautiful fungi that we came across one morning. It had rained heavily the night before, and the palmetto trunks must be loaded with fungi spores that exploded with growth after the water came through.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBakoz3j0J8TDkNbHdVnDd0w3oAWlZ8OR6t_ZCjxulPguG4_WcgRi0yXKkPD2o5dZ5SRHJ8ZKTRocAwrCOmF6ZFPmqYHqW_adFoFzAFy7ZeoX9ej0RnhBREU3RmMC5D6PsvNTj54OIpu8/s1600/IMG_0880.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBakoz3j0J8TDkNbHdVnDd0w3oAWlZ8OR6t_ZCjxulPguG4_WcgRi0yXKkPD2o5dZ5SRHJ8ZKTRocAwrCOmF6ZFPmqYHqW_adFoFzAFy7ZeoX9ej0RnhBREU3RmMC5D6PsvNTj54OIpu8/s320/IMG_0880.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_gpiPgvfCbL4KupdQrBbwtzqibPPVYdJ7Q9admNo4W0cw6XSmVLvCdMZ8GnteSUyJArmRZwAFmv3DGcU1csUUgWahdfOGgUF8pGl8-mjCAskSRHh7UaS3LIVgX-juuoNBsPuHBkyz4tE/s1600/IMG_0905.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_gpiPgvfCbL4KupdQrBbwtzqibPPVYdJ7Q9admNo4W0cw6XSmVLvCdMZ8GnteSUyJArmRZwAFmv3DGcU1csUUgWahdfOGgUF8pGl8-mjCAskSRHh7UaS3LIVgX-juuoNBsPuHBkyz4tE/s320/IMG_0905.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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And one of my favorite pine rockland ferns, <i>Anemia adiantifolia</i>:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8KvErAjMA4HDOl1w_WC7lyoNNNQ7o1IuxasrCYRwYPgJVVV7831K14AGJH00cr8n7Rjdgnn0Y6Xwzv8vsHwC8nRgLfa5bGq4xWogrtusQymZJrOyTcX-zQaCMdWv4PU8exEvLec1ZA8U/s1600/IMG_0942.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8KvErAjMA4HDOl1w_WC7lyoNNNQ7o1IuxasrCYRwYPgJVVV7831K14AGJH00cr8n7Rjdgnn0Y6Xwzv8vsHwC8nRgLfa5bGq4xWogrtusQymZJrOyTcX-zQaCMdWv4PU8exEvLec1ZA8U/s320/IMG_0942.jpg" width="240" /></a><br />
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Last but not least, two beautiful Gulf Fritillary butterflies mating.</div>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-58621010846961220012015-11-15T19:33:00.000-05:002016-03-13T20:56:03.516-04:00Fern Springs HammockI finally took a field trip this weekend to a site I've long wanted to visit - Fern Hammock Springs, part of the Juniper Springs Recreation Area in Ocala National Forest, south of Gainesville. The site lived up to its name, with quite a few fern species, including several that are endemic to the southeastern US but that I don't see often.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgekMsWBz7CkBrQRnQMt8V21xM6Rlps9rF7Z0i7msQh8aPynxg5fW2ZcDL3HIHAsAY058qtyfhyphenhyphenJm3KS0J68XYNmBQRevbVHdNnx1go1XKG0LrOPZJ5hx5MPIo4NFAfeMOZD19OCgoLvl0/s1600/IMG_0682.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgekMsWBz7CkBrQRnQMt8V21xM6Rlps9rF7Z0i7msQh8aPynxg5fW2ZcDL3HIHAsAY058qtyfhyphenhyphenJm3KS0J68XYNmBQRevbVHdNnx1go1XKG0LrOPZJ5hx5MPIo4NFAfeMOZD19OCgoLvl0/s400/IMG_0682.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>Dryopteris ludoviciana</i> is also known as the Southern Shield Fern. It has one of the narrowest ranges of ferns in the genus <i>Dryopteris, </i>and is endemic only to Florida and parts of other southeastern states.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnlkFGCRKRTUnPM4XtB9ulSpmSgy6Pqo-MX-ncUJAlmbr9mr4TR9kx8FyeyTZJrEubmjlUaqmcn2_JZeS2b02HbQBsyXfKIuHjJjiWkRN_T-zI4xBZRXtFF6_SRXXuwCKiqt8hZHMDRjY/s1600/IMG_0689.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnlkFGCRKRTUnPM4XtB9ulSpmSgy6Pqo-MX-ncUJAlmbr9mr4TR9kx8FyeyTZJrEubmjlUaqmcn2_JZeS2b02HbQBsyXfKIuHjJjiWkRN_T-zI4xBZRXtFF6_SRXXuwCKiqt8hZHMDRjY/s320/IMG_0689.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris ludoviciana</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7lKZ00GsWI3Cy5LoAPaRvY6g0pbs7aWq3QZ6ugvfJjlDecFRo1bB8Ycca224za2_fEp2SoazagEi1zpOiXmrqyR8p6YqW0NSqht6XG4OCc-cBT7yX-nogHEjkCCcSrtKq8-YBQV4gKU8/s1600/IMG_0691.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7lKZ00GsWI3Cy5LoAPaRvY6g0pbs7aWq3QZ6ugvfJjlDecFRo1bB8Ycca224za2_fEp2SoazagEi1zpOiXmrqyR8p6YqW0NSqht6XG4OCc-cBT7yX-nogHEjkCCcSrtKq8-YBQV4gKU8/s320/IMG_0691.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris ludoviciana</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKNDbE0Z9F8bFyTU1Vk89oAgDUYgaUSPfghXw9t0xs3TiMpNRHVtBDoCUCnAahCoM2CDubQH9cU9bEHEQm6TrsJpp8r7WHR1gmmI5HO-RINu_lvIxWU5OuPxkOVCV-7qyG2teo0axiwo4/s1600/IMG_0698.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKNDbE0Z9F8bFyTU1Vk89oAgDUYgaUSPfghXw9t0xs3TiMpNRHVtBDoCUCnAahCoM2CDubQH9cU9bEHEQm6TrsJpp8r7WHR1gmmI5HO-RINu_lvIxWU5OuPxkOVCV-7qyG2teo0axiwo4/s320/IMG_0698.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Vittaria lineata</i></td></tr>
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<i>Lygodium japonicum </i>is a vining fern that's invasive in the US. It was introduced from Asia several decades ago and there are places where it and another invasive <i>Lygodium</i>, <i>L. microphyllum</i>, can be extremely intrusive and damaging weeds.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Lygodium japonicum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOcL4CcWu-iJoq0xleyS-6gffyY5vuG9e4jFGrvEzULPr0Kvv_DwnvTPmItg82MyEMo1BGJloQeRpfs4U4YWKHPsOp5EVUqDVFJ95YLy78bWI9BTep_ifLAkx1jliR_QY3TabfR9kKf5E/s1600/IMG_0704.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOcL4CcWu-iJoq0xleyS-6gffyY5vuG9e4jFGrvEzULPr0Kvv_DwnvTPmItg82MyEMo1BGJloQeRpfs4U4YWKHPsOp5EVUqDVFJ95YLy78bWI9BTep_ifLAkx1jliR_QY3TabfR9kKf5E/s320/IMG_0704.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Lygodium japonicum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkOYIIFGsFYMExZ-P1W-5Au4uFHQY8jvLsUCCuYkAnGIwajiOLpedXpOz5Q8Px4SJW0uXnT5ccdVDorz86xIwSNSPEAQjqlbDaqgIRoxuGV0a5s_9tagGw9WGiCE13M68dEMGqnSDwYMg/s1600/IMG_0697.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkOYIIFGsFYMExZ-P1W-5Au4uFHQY8jvLsUCCuYkAnGIwajiOLpedXpOz5Q8Px4SJW0uXnT5ccdVDorz86xIwSNSPEAQjqlbDaqgIRoxuGV0a5s_9tagGw9WGiCE13M68dEMGqnSDwYMg/s320/IMG_0697.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hole left behind by a tree (probably a palm)</td></tr>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-84185719891562549732015-09-26T16:19:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:55:40.604-04:00Proteaceae at KirstenboschI'm back from my trip to South Africa, and while the purpose of our trip was to search for ferns, no visit to this region would be complete without expressing proper appreciation for the incredible members of Proteaceae that define much of the flora of the area. This flowering plant family occurs primarily in the southern hemisphere, with the greatest diversity in South Africa and also Australia. Here's an assortment of photos of these plants, all from Kirstenbosch...<br />
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-14048585732014899962015-09-20T01:54:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:55:32.543-04:00Hottentots region of South AfricaToday's field trip took us to the Hottentots region of South Africa, with many more exciting fern sightings. We saw lots of new taxa that we hadn't seen before, including an <i>Elaphoglossum</i> and a cool <i>Asplenium</i>. It was rather a grey day but that didn't dim our enthusiasm for fern finding...<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSvsedSmtCpSNz0Q5y0zvf-2IXNcLX6Fc-ZBdIYmtxllBD819H6jM9p57XVlKCyVw5flq8hut6evyhT3pY5v_H6UXFGWG40nIbs1_BF3eEmBGAniiH99_p6VZwFTibw2xAgCBJbtLUHw8/s1600/Asplenium+aethiopicum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSvsedSmtCpSNz0Q5y0zvf-2IXNcLX6Fc-ZBdIYmtxllBD819H6jM9p57XVlKCyVw5flq8hut6evyhT3pY5v_H6UXFGWG40nIbs1_BF3eEmBGAniiH99_p6VZwFTibw2xAgCBJbtLUHw8/s320/Asplenium+aethiopicum.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium aethiopicum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKm4fXl5rF7tU4-T3Ks7H-WlTlh8bi9EQ4Ggi3QJLE7lkJMR5nq6E0O6Lhg82AQ2MH93qa-ZxiqjqGZouf_nPEKyNMMJXhcooCA0He38aDT-QlrJAkNsnt_0dSmRTO1-pbX8b-rsjYTLc/s1600/Blechnum+capense.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKm4fXl5rF7tU4-T3Ks7H-WlTlh8bi9EQ4Ggi3QJLE7lkJMR5nq6E0O6Lhg82AQ2MH93qa-ZxiqjqGZouf_nPEKyNMMJXhcooCA0He38aDT-QlrJAkNsnt_0dSmRTO1-pbX8b-rsjYTLc/s320/Blechnum+capense.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Blechnum capense</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-egXb0qdRrshhnGumlRwzhUO-syvQi9iPZw3dt4hzHbUYX8VWFFoxHcLQ-E_BRwkbKTzrT607NVE866Sjn1emNjmHQKedUsWOMa28QA4DtRvrdZciuYQ2d5VBfViuA9_3UzZ_iMHIVLM/s1600/Elaphoglossum+acrostichoides.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-egXb0qdRrshhnGumlRwzhUO-syvQi9iPZw3dt4hzHbUYX8VWFFoxHcLQ-E_BRwkbKTzrT607NVE866Sjn1emNjmHQKedUsWOMa28QA4DtRvrdZciuYQ2d5VBfViuA9_3UzZ_iMHIVLM/s320/Elaphoglossum+acrostichoides.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Elaphoglossum acrostichoides</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Elaphoglossum acrostichoides </i>sori closeup</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqpqBM1dgrlpYrfzXMECWZn_kVkfwoscmAk3tKuAg8NljwxM5rbZU3SzNkzNIgW1JE5NVStEI3v1ASdfBUsx0efVpzbwljQ4Z6BqCPrDaGv7yWloXmpyMVduMThcAfUUzKzdeprYwRETs/s1600/Hymenophyllum+capense.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqpqBM1dgrlpYrfzXMECWZn_kVkfwoscmAk3tKuAg8NljwxM5rbZU3SzNkzNIgW1JE5NVStEI3v1ASdfBUsx0efVpzbwljQ4Z6BqCPrDaGv7yWloXmpyMVduMThcAfUUzKzdeprYwRETs/s320/Hymenophyllum+capense.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hymenophyllum capense</i> </td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiritRFoLORHzdGF7uO99eVpdXgQScuaOrzrbwktnHvI5LVkOr5BISfZdJrioVELi3Axq-WikJkodUwLckpw_ALlM_TBXqgWJ5vzgq_1C1UA4hAqV0vyOS6afsgVnkXp_sFcE4RdpYsRYk/s1600/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiritRFoLORHzdGF7uO99eVpdXgQScuaOrzrbwktnHvI5LVkOr5BISfZdJrioVELi3Axq-WikJkodUwLckpw_ALlM_TBXqgWJ5vzgq_1C1UA4hAqV0vyOS6afsgVnkXp_sFcE4RdpYsRYk/s320/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hymenophyllum tunbrigense</i>, a bit different looking than <i>H. capense</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIfq8Fmg9IQSZlEZPrzR_DjfntiZwyokXV50A_a-j4GwyMkfoemH-84srXmhg-fYLLDEk_wwFshxXMSOEt3K2nEMa1g8aZD-9zP3_4ontVfbhFbyDqXDbHj2xuFQeM9CmvF7SdZobjhxU/s1600/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIfq8Fmg9IQSZlEZPrzR_DjfntiZwyokXV50A_a-j4GwyMkfoemH-84srXmhg-fYLLDEk_wwFshxXMSOEt3K2nEMa1g8aZD-9zP3_4ontVfbhFbyDqXDbHj2xuFQeM9CmvF7SdZobjhxU/s320/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense+%25281%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hymenophyllum tunbrigense </i>sori</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAAxJ70fxEcwspmikaQLFaC1AnywAeKbGbHmXc5h0E3BzhwgBzGx0Nh6YCrXKi1wimMSTdcPgCSGZlu9g2nzEvtnoRyMwnk4gA_JVYQ1LZ4847urwLsPuppS53GKBZX3HG7SxWkygoEJ8/s1600/Rumohra+adiantiformis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAAxJ70fxEcwspmikaQLFaC1AnywAeKbGbHmXc5h0E3BzhwgBzGx0Nh6YCrXKi1wimMSTdcPgCSGZlu9g2nzEvtnoRyMwnk4gA_JVYQ1LZ4847urwLsPuppS53GKBZX3HG7SxWkygoEJ8/s320/Rumohra+adiantiformis.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Rumohra adiantiformis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixVn0LYX64HdTpL5b_0cPGPiGfZHsq8VqGFan3Y09pYLvtI7OmLK-_SiNd_dhJsXg8ms6rJEjYQZsfiVogcs331q3nSck5o0sx4bEMkXiDfxJdb3QGnPJtbIyaPEcKtvSf3siNOQnyESQ/s1600/IMG_9746.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixVn0LYX64HdTpL5b_0cPGPiGfZHsq8VqGFan3Y09pYLvtI7OmLK-_SiNd_dhJsXg8ms6rJEjYQZsfiVogcs331q3nSck5o0sx4bEMkXiDfxJdb3QGnPJtbIyaPEcKtvSf3siNOQnyESQ/s320/IMG_9746.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A damp little swale with a stream, where we found most of these ferns</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
And as at <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2015/09/visit-to-table-mountain-south-africa.html" target="_blank">Table Mountain</a>, a highlight of this trip was finding <i>Schizaea</i> - this time, a different species!</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUhifyLyB5Dvy294oBqe693ARPFG298Egn03e8Phh3vXX0l5pTVJYCUqgXPK06KtSCbKQoahVLO3dxchng-a4H9PnRwXGKwRjA6G-ArPg6wU8MgDuqBXAyz34pBagnrl9BTHwWyw3YrGc/s1600/Schizaea+pectinata+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUhifyLyB5Dvy294oBqe693ARPFG298Egn03e8Phh3vXX0l5pTVJYCUqgXPK06KtSCbKQoahVLO3dxchng-a4H9PnRwXGKwRjA6G-ArPg6wU8MgDuqBXAyz34pBagnrl9BTHwWyw3YrGc/s320/Schizaea+pectinata+%25281%2529.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Schizaea pectinata</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdTw9ImYEaWmwS2-oD0-rao6zpgCSPdFrRGFfD0Sy2Ql-P1H_i_iNAYeHE6Wd8C9lRSuw_ItAGeWkpjJUBVkTjfrtiMlJTE4ikoSpr9ti1HX1AQHI3gKs8ZcJKbQI_s6Aa3hcGryaPmuc/s1600/Schizaea+pectinata.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdTw9ImYEaWmwS2-oD0-rao6zpgCSPdFrRGFfD0Sy2Ql-P1H_i_iNAYeHE6Wd8C9lRSuw_ItAGeWkpjJUBVkTjfrtiMlJTE4ikoSpr9ti1HX1AQHI3gKs8ZcJKbQI_s6Aa3hcGryaPmuc/s320/Schizaea+pectinata.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Schizaea pectinata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-33803293667994329542015-09-19T03:34:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:55:26.179-04:00Cederberg region of South Africa<br />
Today's trip took us to yet another new region of South Africa, this time the Cederberg region, which is northeast of the Cape Town area. We didn't find many ferns, but it was a beautiful day and a lovely place nonetheless.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ixPnQ52QAErsClnm2KPLWeKBcuVa8B0BzkpNLwyaT-mMlFCRdnCbN8seFF2x8Texl_OPKRKUJC72GPmUELbKq7zAMi4amoCnrBBhee3j07NEMkZusBLyaep3EujWe10brt7EypoXjaM/s1600/IMG_4498.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ixPnQ52QAErsClnm2KPLWeKBcuVa8B0BzkpNLwyaT-mMlFCRdnCbN8seFF2x8Texl_OPKRKUJC72GPmUELbKq7zAMi4amoCnrBBhee3j07NEMkZusBLyaep3EujWe10brt7EypoXjaM/s320/IMG_4498.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5mWTZ8xeMh55NJrSCzO-otqtHyOu4YBftJKKuywNT9OMFHcKLRp2N04bC5Fkyr-LIw3cx9jL79g2w1PJ_xcXc1BUdnzuBzUj9QHIapndUGOYL8CcyAQWDN-qhHVNxQ1u5Ld-LP1hwQl8/s1600/IMG_9877.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5mWTZ8xeMh55NJrSCzO-otqtHyOu4YBftJKKuywNT9OMFHcKLRp2N04bC5Fkyr-LIw3cx9jL79g2w1PJ_xcXc1BUdnzuBzUj9QHIapndUGOYL8CcyAQWDN-qhHVNxQ1u5Ld-LP1hwQl8/s320/IMG_9877.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixVVbIX32-U_6XEQUpiBQUcnwScr_JLWai6mGMMnTrJAdkBnPXZPL6YTZNJdZF7fMPfyb2Xp3DbM-bXAb0A-h1Tg0U49BTj1ybsnZRWp6pNTWmPOtZ9RLhJelXZz8l5wmtw6pllOLfv8s/s1600/IMG_9910.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixVVbIX32-U_6XEQUpiBQUcnwScr_JLWai6mGMMnTrJAdkBnPXZPL6YTZNJdZF7fMPfyb2Xp3DbM-bXAb0A-h1Tg0U49BTj1ybsnZRWp6pNTWmPOtZ9RLhJelXZz8l5wmtw6pllOLfv8s/s320/IMG_9910.jpg" width="239" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-1WJE-d_CI2UK0oO0lAGt6VfmdQ671sx6MefKxpHM_p4cfU18dKaWNOPat2jXqdiJcrs0QHEhkqgOv7mGD0hhidAbleXKWWnXpYN9KJBgtZQvlYg_dBGea7Sk33S6Rtk6aDplA7xj0hc/s1600/IMG_9933.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-1WJE-d_CI2UK0oO0lAGt6VfmdQ671sx6MefKxpHM_p4cfU18dKaWNOPat2jXqdiJcrs0QHEhkqgOv7mGD0hhidAbleXKWWnXpYN9KJBgtZQvlYg_dBGea7Sk33S6Rtk6aDplA7xj0hc/s320/IMG_9933.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9n9GR869-5A2If1DPRlSnB4jBpHAgc26NVuNCH8t1HLbcJEgnkRlqEprmt-zVniw1TaooAe26upzqtdn7i8mPBSnc_0R-ElZ_r5NpfH4ygNDarO9qbRSEZi441kUXQ-GXFdZKWeUpfTU/s1600/IMG_9958.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9n9GR869-5A2If1DPRlSnB4jBpHAgc26NVuNCH8t1HLbcJEgnkRlqEprmt-zVniw1TaooAe26upzqtdn7i8mPBSnc_0R-ElZ_r5NpfH4ygNDarO9qbRSEZi441kUXQ-GXFdZKWeUpfTU/s320/IMG_9958.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-75155327431250062322015-09-17T01:04:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:55:17.683-04:00Visit to Table Mountain, South Africa<br />
Our next field trip here was to the famous Table Mountain in the center of Cape Town. Because of high winds, the cable car that takes you to the top of the mountain wasn't running, and so we walked up a path that leads to the base of the vertical cliffs, and then took the Contour Path around to the southern tip of Table Mountain. The plants were incredible, both the ferns and flowering plants!<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaj7D31kcYqp_NW65cBL8cMR-yf1j3AH9M3jGv6-dEijiZPA5gG7LZD_jlQy4TFlQeo2ZN5W3eBSUXtdyJ7CJ7pWq-8VBGHKv6Vtk2cWu7XrqsnQDuBJnVhJcKt9Ce9H3qf3UtJX0E88E/s1600/IMG_9366.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaj7D31kcYqp_NW65cBL8cMR-yf1j3AH9M3jGv6-dEijiZPA5gG7LZD_jlQy4TFlQeo2ZN5W3eBSUXtdyJ7CJ7pWq-8VBGHKv6Vtk2cWu7XrqsnQDuBJnVhJcKt9Ce9H3qf3UtJX0E88E/s400/IMG_9366.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View of Cape Town from the contour path, looking west</td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxiX8q09rt9NfIeYXZW4V9Bis7rNwKOf361mLTaczKjVm5wzvcrR1H3eVnQKTfA9FiwVLEYeZfTSCcFWEiHQvcuBv6zowuJ1xooDa7T6VgNsiKsjNB1GjTpl5LbXt5d4BwgpaYZGJ41vU/s1600/Ferraria+crispa.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxiX8q09rt9NfIeYXZW4V9Bis7rNwKOf361mLTaczKjVm5wzvcrR1H3eVnQKTfA9FiwVLEYeZfTSCcFWEiHQvcuBv6zowuJ1xooDa7T6VgNsiKsjNB1GjTpl5LbXt5d4BwgpaYZGJ41vU/s320/Ferraria+crispa.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Ferraria crispa, </i>an incredible member of the Iris family</td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUBKTLspOANCAT_bONw1dMObVy_43GFBaMuT5xnyegDGjfGnyM6BbcubVd4ZU0MewTvQtBp4dIx0-v9GutQS6XdvQ2T5ssAdCySDlS7shSLZUrFvMDd7bPz7R6gsTAexPqBOyA4UVNVkY/s1600/Cheilanthes+multifida.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUBKTLspOANCAT_bONw1dMObVy_43GFBaMuT5xnyegDGjfGnyM6BbcubVd4ZU0MewTvQtBp4dIx0-v9GutQS6XdvQ2T5ssAdCySDlS7shSLZUrFvMDd7bPz7R6gsTAexPqBOyA4UVNVkY/s320/Cheilanthes+multifida.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Cheilanthes multifida</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVcPeIjwccidaFVmgFEGwTYZlSTpB74kE_sYOkBqIBq_BriZy-0RtYPxnCTWmDlfTJTi-4P505GCkbmVX5zB_3FsGLw6w0iQjn2LvIWcJd89nvyRJMTKYadjk2KANWsJOEinGmZtpPi9s/s1600/Cheilanthes+multifida+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVcPeIjwccidaFVmgFEGwTYZlSTpB74kE_sYOkBqIBq_BriZy-0RtYPxnCTWmDlfTJTi-4P505GCkbmVX5zB_3FsGLw6w0iQjn2LvIWcJd89nvyRJMTKYadjk2KANWsJOEinGmZtpPi9s/s320/Cheilanthes+multifida+%25281%2529.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Cheilanthes multifida</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEQn00dr20y_aAF_6hrZkHyOdirj_KLMwuiVIImbYln9B9xuqRSkxFJMZR8WrrqHxtvvTMxQ9XX80xl6deSkXS5hMrcsVVVqaAGJ1YEZcO3hFT-i1iZhyZQ9RNqUqNjT0s09tIeC8P8CM/s1600/Cheilanthes+hastata.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEQn00dr20y_aAF_6hrZkHyOdirj_KLMwuiVIImbYln9B9xuqRSkxFJMZR8WrrqHxtvvTMxQ9XX80xl6deSkXS5hMrcsVVVqaAGJ1YEZcO3hFT-i1iZhyZQ9RNqUqNjT0s09tIeC8P8CM/s320/Cheilanthes+hastata.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Cheilanthes hastata</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6LPNh24ny2KrU3gRQlOIlSyB6S3Yb9HQ15hmnLRXq-R_FLf6s7BxZnpU-va-nhWtlO6_hCgAsn_qNVDCpVWY_POsG6MjIOMH7VR500aU7zW5Jw5k1DhmAJPP2GUVsX8AzO6QNfnc3QmU/s1600/Blechnum+punctulatum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6LPNh24ny2KrU3gRQlOIlSyB6S3Yb9HQ15hmnLRXq-R_FLf6s7BxZnpU-va-nhWtlO6_hCgAsn_qNVDCpVWY_POsG6MjIOMH7VR500aU7zW5Jw5k1DhmAJPP2GUVsX8AzO6QNfnc3QmU/s320/Blechnum+punctulatum.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Blechnum punctulatum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCxWHBE5hZHaEKfmF7vWIKLe6aeXvq_UXIOwvmG-MGdEinefo6QVnHxvDaoM8SRGHS7-JQgO9OhP1hJEHYGPwbCz63yCp8vpRs2z3rBbchW7POYRILRkZE7eGH8MN3RYVFXNKYN6I29uI/s1600/Mohria+and+Cheilanthes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCxWHBE5hZHaEKfmF7vWIKLe6aeXvq_UXIOwvmG-MGdEinefo6QVnHxvDaoM8SRGHS7-JQgO9OhP1hJEHYGPwbCz63yCp8vpRs2z3rBbchW7POYRILRkZE7eGH8MN3RYVFXNKYN6I29uI/s320/Mohria+and+Cheilanthes.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Mohria caffrorum</i> (left) and <i>Cheilanthes multifida</i> (right)</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjB9CyPyz1esMQ5Jlr-YQ202pA69KNmBUbPu3SEurNce1Z3TRRvJeGMaBsvxDED06Cgr0XzUTrQinO1Ot08k6OQG5dX1784JVoTYlxDEDYE7pP1bE6rT90gRAL7HKQBlqVi42qFeXsZOM8/s1600/Pellaea+pteroides.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjB9CyPyz1esMQ5Jlr-YQ202pA69KNmBUbPu3SEurNce1Z3TRRvJeGMaBsvxDED06Cgr0XzUTrQinO1Ot08k6OQG5dX1784JVoTYlxDEDYE7pP1bE6rT90gRAL7HKQBlqVi42qFeXsZOM8/s320/Pellaea+pteroides.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pellaea pteroides</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
When we got to the southern point we walked briefly around it and found a couple more ferns - including a very exciting find, <i>Schizaea tenella</i>. Schizaeaceae is a neat family whose members I don't often encounter, so it was very cool to find it here.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzO3Yr49xNV0xxUF_NiQFffTrU10ePIZzhji_yzLG8I4aphXH6_zEE5qLARktyj4TO7lRIEiHyevUNgRJDvjKQs-irO7RyOaIvTJHc6sfOdffZ1dYeqr-MI756ESO0cn0OLrbeAwj8oh8/s1600/Schizaea+tenella.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzO3Yr49xNV0xxUF_NiQFffTrU10ePIZzhji_yzLG8I4aphXH6_zEE5qLARktyj4TO7lRIEiHyevUNgRJDvjKQs-irO7RyOaIvTJHc6sfOdffZ1dYeqr-MI756ESO0cn0OLrbeAwj8oh8/s320/Schizaea+tenella.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="text-align: start;">Schizaea tenella</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1NqCxxwvcwumyx4xsy0wlNSZ6FsA1jpxbJXEkubHkNppc-PreGX9uAsQSirKDhg4xnW5JwnhPoUTf5UreCMWYgp7MOKTKOPAKqRHeuhoeXqzPlM6teJthQQ63Lxi9nt91-bx1NcRWIHE/s1600/Todea+barbarea.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1NqCxxwvcwumyx4xsy0wlNSZ6FsA1jpxbJXEkubHkNppc-PreGX9uAsQSirKDhg4xnW5JwnhPoUTf5UreCMWYgp7MOKTKOPAKqRHeuhoeXqzPlM6teJthQQ63Lxi9nt91-bx1NcRWIHE/s320/Todea+barbarea.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Todea barbarea</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
And finally, some views from the point and the walk back down...</div>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-9035907709055206542015-09-13T01:39:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:55:13.031-04:00Ferns of Cederburg, South AfricaGreetings from South Africa! I'm in the middle of a three-week trip to the Cape Region of SA to work with my colleagues from the Finnish Museum of Natural History in Helsinki on fern collections for our shared research projects. We've had a fantastic time exploring the incredible <a href="http://www.sanbi.org/gardens/kirstenbosch" target="_blank">Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens</a>, and have started making forays out into the field. Today's trip was to the Cederburg region north west of Cape Town. Almost the entire fern flora here is completely to knew to all of us, so it has been great fun bringing plant material back to our B&B to go through with the key and figure out what things are. We're also taking samples for DNA analysis and making herbarium vouchers (with permission from all the land owners where we're collecting). If anyone is interested in a great book on the ferns of this region, I highly recommend <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Ferns-Southern-Africa-Comprehensive-Guide/dp/1770079106" target="_blank">Ferns of Southern Africa</a> by Crouch, Klopper, and Burrows - it has become our Bible since we've been here!<br />
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The trail we took at Cederburg led from a picnic area upslope towards a waterfall high up a mountainside. The first fern we encountered was <i>Cheilanthes hastata</i>. Cheilanthes is a genus of fern in Pteridaceae whose members are often found in dry habitats - not surprising that they are at home in the Cape area.<br />
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We encountered <i>C. hastata</i> regularly on the walk up to the waterfall, and the other most common species at the lower elevations was this one, <i>Mohria caffrorum</i>: </div>
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And here's a shot looking back across the valley when were about halfway up to the waterfall.<br />
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When we finally reached our destination, there were ferns galore to greet us. Here are photos of all the species we saw (I think!). Quite a diverse assemblage!</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiqC1AztyKZ26h3RZfRope-YnzsAxxe54z1swzmIeH9a3aMw_YAgIIb8HC17NYrPzLTF7W9XF8jFIIiANTKXZ4Lq1qPb_A9xdOvLjOpPr4nfHiYrx11YMHILMbbaCM3BEG9HigyjBuSAk/s1600/Gleichenia+polypodioides+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiqC1AztyKZ26h3RZfRope-YnzsAxxe54z1swzmIeH9a3aMw_YAgIIb8HC17NYrPzLTF7W9XF8jFIIiANTKXZ4Lq1qPb_A9xdOvLjOpPr4nfHiYrx11YMHILMbbaCM3BEG9HigyjBuSAk/s320/Gleichenia+polypodioides+%25281%2529.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gleichenia polypodioides</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLxMM2jWJdMze-bahyphenhyphenLqfIyNB9kJySzuDuiTMRmtmdingKADIHKJfdlMrvzM_wMgUcKb8ayjPyVSXcyfyL-ygdD8msSd7LVxmIFPPXy4MoU0pCXyZUAYJQnPzDWXmfaLfpiBN5wkBw0t8/s1600/Gleichenia+polypodioides.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLxMM2jWJdMze-bahyphenhyphenLqfIyNB9kJySzuDuiTMRmtmdingKADIHKJfdlMrvzM_wMgUcKb8ayjPyVSXcyfyL-ygdD8msSd7LVxmIFPPXy4MoU0pCXyZUAYJQnPzDWXmfaLfpiBN5wkBw0t8/s320/Gleichenia+polypodioides.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gleichenia polypodioides</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtORi_aIxWKI_tI58OQbtiQA4M-gzA-3Pg2eWQcIGlufs3lGEh5igjEAMNf_AHGCy31IpKazx_H7X0oogA1g4VxSsEPYMsb_tHgyhWjeyBLRfqsFYpkWa00nAD6AEhssBE5EIgrsHIFyk/s1600/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense%253F+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtORi_aIxWKI_tI58OQbtiQA4M-gzA-3Pg2eWQcIGlufs3lGEh5igjEAMNf_AHGCy31IpKazx_H7X0oogA1g4VxSsEPYMsb_tHgyhWjeyBLRfqsFYpkWa00nAD6AEhssBE5EIgrsHIFyk/s320/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense%253F+%25281%2529.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hymenophyllum tunbrigense</i> right beside the waterfall</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOMOYfdJ3pnaK3UWvNUBT-3iMBmiKt7Zd_L0Qy-0jy_CmNw0R3K_g2rZyEpPyQ3IHfxiNe8jwIjtA5ijfVcLmxJ3yPHObx6ygGIzKQSuXmVIzAKOExQv2_kXVR7y_HFdBE05fKDAhthNk/s1600/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense%253F.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOMOYfdJ3pnaK3UWvNUBT-3iMBmiKt7Zd_L0Qy-0jy_CmNw0R3K_g2rZyEpPyQ3IHfxiNe8jwIjtA5ijfVcLmxJ3yPHObx6ygGIzKQSuXmVIzAKOExQv2_kXVR7y_HFdBE05fKDAhthNk/s320/Hymenophyllum+tunbrigense%253F.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">More <i>Hymenophyllum tunbrigense</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRO9O6GW2BgDw-PqYw4sruQl1zBkRBrIcq37tSW_7KVYhs-wr8E7zcerF_hNH3sz89kPR1wvXNBVf7NeK-9-1E_JsaoqxzVlwov6VZvB-5W0D50i6UMJFKaA5cEC9HniF1vJmmXZuzk5M/s1600/Pellaea+pteroides+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRO9O6GW2BgDw-PqYw4sruQl1zBkRBrIcq37tSW_7KVYhs-wr8E7zcerF_hNH3sz89kPR1wvXNBVf7NeK-9-1E_JsaoqxzVlwov6VZvB-5W0D50i6UMJFKaA5cEC9HniF1vJmmXZuzk5M/s320/Pellaea+pteroides+%25281%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pellaea pteroides</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnQk2pIK22KBOHdSvEujyKY07Dmhrj1SrgzH4L4lHTGH57ulWCij1bHr9di6EKcVqvSkzTHrTilRCq6bGPGNjEnIRkRShL0qQAiEFXZhyuYqAaYnjwDmZlpkJF7Jjxqu4PNRXGQWuX02Q/s1600/Pellaea+pteroides.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnQk2pIK22KBOHdSvEujyKY07Dmhrj1SrgzH4L4lHTGH57ulWCij1bHr9di6EKcVqvSkzTHrTilRCq6bGPGNjEnIRkRShL0qQAiEFXZhyuYqAaYnjwDmZlpkJF7Jjxqu4PNRXGQWuX02Q/s320/Pellaea+pteroides.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pellaea pteroides</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWOZqvlRAtUXzIhq8a9ea-86WXTGGpkEkKzZxjHDYXaGM0-I8hC_RITzcGLwSya8-u7adi3ocRSX9-KkBEcJ7ulH0esCJbc7dD8KJEzCAZRegOQJ7Qf6feykbmJG23kmsg_-um2mFIhhk/s1600/Todea+barbarea+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWOZqvlRAtUXzIhq8a9ea-86WXTGGpkEkKzZxjHDYXaGM0-I8hC_RITzcGLwSya8-u7adi3ocRSX9-KkBEcJ7ulH0esCJbc7dD8KJEzCAZRegOQJ7Qf6feykbmJG23kmsg_-um2mFIhhk/s320/Todea+barbarea+2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Todea barbarea</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioyTSxLFJk8QQEFhoVV0dyVGAJ8d7nykxicTiGTRgpepAsXlJCgOZJoqTQHVAIs8Kn9ZMF8iQGW2oF7BSqSt5QAiIlZWmVa3elU_9DX-THsHZKxTjbjZcKbl_4Nv0OLmLGBS3IMAISu5I/s1600/Todea+barbarea+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioyTSxLFJk8QQEFhoVV0dyVGAJ8d7nykxicTiGTRgpepAsXlJCgOZJoqTQHVAIs8Kn9ZMF8iQGW2oF7BSqSt5QAiIlZWmVa3elU_9DX-THsHZKxTjbjZcKbl_4Nv0OLmLGBS3IMAISu5I/s320/Todea+barbarea+%25281%2529.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Todea barbarea</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Todea </i>fiddlehead</td></tr>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-81102254896980205792015-07-25T13:46:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:55:05.863-04:00Elk Island field trip at Botany 2015<br />
I just returned from this year's annual Botany conference, which was held in Edmonton, Canada. As always, I arrived early to go on the fern field trip. This year's trip was particularly special, as it was led by Dr. Don Farrar of Iowa State University, the world expert on the fern genus <i>Botrychium</i> and its relatives (lots of movement and renaming of species in this group have led to many former <i>Botrychium</i> species having been moved to other genera in the last few years). It was a wonderful field trip and we saw quite a few species, including those pictured below.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhptPcETiGDjtYrefNEJnrkqVOmi63xPvNFuhakCM4KM6ZgMCzNFfs766an8jRxNH-lQOr2_DHzbuYuOfmy8eUQ63AOr0jAuN3ZHPdR32eBrMU1Wk66ps_hGyb6hfgBERj0QaB2hjlEV14/s1600/IMG_9034.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhptPcETiGDjtYrefNEJnrkqVOmi63xPvNFuhakCM4KM6ZgMCzNFfs766an8jRxNH-lQOr2_DHzbuYuOfmy8eUQ63AOr0jAuN3ZHPdR32eBrMU1Wk66ps_hGyb6hfgBERj0QaB2hjlEV14/s400/IMG_9034.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The whole group focused on a fern finding</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgK74f5fsy5DGtHq55ywR4UBltNqUKIne9579ZOxDK9URAvLYx9iuOopPr270dPBoOMK8gJbZjgYYt0o-MV_w5Jq0qc59HYaOapmxx0gc8UwbH2kp6wCYle8z0PrFi60-hSUwk6slS45_0/s1600/Botrychium+matricariifolium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgK74f5fsy5DGtHq55ywR4UBltNqUKIne9579ZOxDK9URAvLYx9iuOopPr270dPBoOMK8gJbZjgYYt0o-MV_w5Jq0qc59HYaOapmxx0gc8UwbH2kp6wCYle8z0PrFi60-hSUwk6slS45_0/s320/Botrychium+matricariifolium.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Botrychium matricariifolium</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZeYhxG2jWlH4ChyWk9PRibwbHBxoRPn8FyVtPEZD-4t6Qw0h1fYYIUxp4KqXkzIpp6L225s2ISHdjQt-IE_6AkTx0mukGflqfw8W1FvYSQITBRw0TY6CDc0MG0xK_rWT9nzN6PvkZgVw/s1600/Botrychium+pallidum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZeYhxG2jWlH4ChyWk9PRibwbHBxoRPn8FyVtPEZD-4t6Qw0h1fYYIUxp4KqXkzIpp6L225s2ISHdjQt-IE_6AkTx0mukGflqfw8W1FvYSQITBRw0TY6CDc0MG0xK_rWT9nzN6PvkZgVw/s320/Botrychium+pallidum.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Botrychium pallidum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLykFh2845wp6TSEdsW9-2ZzMup6BPffkPMHVtPqTiiuWyES8VczhOtFfLdsHa4dAXwPO1xtC0Sg2WQWHhvEimnXI5oF2VuljplsdAc9oJHEuweGXxy5_RzFL6ezHBtVsGBxwXLUyoYEk/s1600/Botrychium+simplex.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLykFh2845wp6TSEdsW9-2ZzMup6BPffkPMHVtPqTiiuWyES8VczhOtFfLdsHa4dAXwPO1xtC0Sg2WQWHhvEimnXI5oF2VuljplsdAc9oJHEuweGXxy5_RzFL6ezHBtVsGBxwXLUyoYEk/s320/Botrychium+simplex.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Botrychium simplex</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjENK9hN75cqKrlOWJp8_xovCmNNBKtewMAUQO6JJQImE4QQIw-kgVzZHGZiP8NvBQxA0sN6x44oSmbcZFjpzysobGm3QCnyY4RuE7XQUzqUbguAtzGNsyIhWjagIpgwio9e-dmXk_xHRM/s1600/Sceptridium+multifidum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjENK9hN75cqKrlOWJp8_xovCmNNBKtewMAUQO6JJQImE4QQIw-kgVzZHGZiP8NvBQxA0sN6x44oSmbcZFjpzysobGm3QCnyY4RuE7XQUzqUbguAtzGNsyIhWjagIpgwio9e-dmXk_xHRM/s320/Sceptridium+multifidum.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Sceptridium multifidum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3Aywgaq4beV_hO6LHCl9intwsUb4OhYX7_7bcH0dxjdFo3ZuEypf4i5rNn7OIG0gYUmFqjvsTFNmaTAwRyuRGdagyj9kbpbzbQO4-n9dwzGJGokvRGol1kdPsSEjdhUJE1aGJ3REy-Jo/s1600/Phleum+pratense.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3Aywgaq4beV_hO6LHCl9intwsUb4OhYX7_7bcH0dxjdFo3ZuEypf4i5rNn7OIG0gYUmFqjvsTFNmaTAwRyuRGdagyj9kbpbzbQO4-n9dwzGJGokvRGol1kdPsSEjdhUJE1aGJ3REy-Jo/s320/Phleum+pratense.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Beautiful token angiosperm: <i>Phleum pratense</i></td></tr>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-7571689344397365552015-06-19T10:23:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:54:58.643-04:00Dryopteris celsa at Panther CreekOn the way back to Gainesville from western Virginia (I drove), I stopped to visit an old friend and colleague, Tom Goforth of Crowdog Native Ferns and Gardens in Pickens, South Carolina. I spent a few lovely days with Tom to catch up, and we visited one of my favorite sites from my PhD studies, a place Tom has known of and visited for years: Panther Creek in northeastern Georgia. The highlight of this spot, for me, is <i>Dryopteris celsa</i>. This was the<a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2009/07/panther-creek.html" target="_blank"> first place I ever saw this fern</a>, one of the allopolyploids in the North American <i>Dryopteris</i> complex. Getting to the populations of <i>D. celsa </i>at this site involves wading across a rive and choosing the right valley to walk up on the other side, amid dense forest and a thriving understory. It's a really beautiful place:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsc_My-dkoAProX097nO_A02UOU9AC9XCSaJ5LOxCHFQDofcpqkaGLfiy7YGySwGT8X8peK3RNzlF00muGS4gjt3OXzT0pz1jx8LmSLoC9MhaV37HKbAa9aA0hx-XBuJiYyp2lRlWWKfk/s1600/IMG_3276.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsc_My-dkoAProX097nO_A02UOU9AC9XCSaJ5LOxCHFQDofcpqkaGLfiy7YGySwGT8X8peK3RNzlF00muGS4gjt3OXzT0pz1jx8LmSLoC9MhaV37HKbAa9aA0hx-XBuJiYyp2lRlWWKfk/s400/IMG_3276.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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However, we came across an unfortunate surprise once we found the valley with <i>D. celsa</i>. The population of this fern, which had been thriving the last time I visited four or so years ago, has been drastically reduced. We saw very many fewer adult individuals of <i>D. celsa</i> than last time, and almost no evidence of new recruitment in the form of young sporophytes. Tom and I are both at a loss as to what may have caused this; climate change and wild hogs seem like the two most likely suspects. The remaining <i>D. celsa</i> individuals are still lush and beautiful, but I worry now that the population may be on its way out.</div>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-7585600054008982952015-06-15T18:02:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:54:47.391-04:00Virginia ferns, part III: Vittaria appalachianaThe highlight of our trip to Virginia (posts <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2015/06/virginia-ferns-part-i-asplenium.html" target="_blank">I</a> and <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2015/06/virginia-ferns-part-i-dryopteris.html" target="_blank">II</a>) was finding <i>Vittaria appalachiana</i> in a perfect sandstone habitat at the end of a trail near Mountain Lake Biological Station. The trail was called Bear Cliffs trail, and it terminates in some craggy shallow gorges that are full of ferns and other vegetation. Our group included several researchers who have worked extensively on fern gametophytes and several gametophyte-only species - these are ferns that never make sporophytes (the big, green, leafy things that we think of when we think about ferns). A classic example of this type of life history in ferns is <i>Vittaria appalachiana</i>, also known as the Appalachian gametophyte, which occurs in sheltered sandstone rockhouses throughout the Appalachian mountains and plateau region. After a thorough hunt, we were able to turn up some<i> V. appalachiana</i> tucked back in one of the sandstone shelters!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha83d4jURMObX7tERDPZD0E2bj4VgjRgyujjIOSY0tejOUl5OI_0ToefrGH__wQe1j7j3K4mb2Joi1abPlvJ8OAj8smEUutl96nVbVci6FSi13rSNpPhVhMd6djTlX5OiZE6N3xfBmbPQ/s1600/IMG_3149.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha83d4jURMObX7tERDPZD0E2bj4VgjRgyujjIOSY0tejOUl5OI_0ToefrGH__wQe1j7j3K4mb2Joi1abPlvJ8OAj8smEUutl96nVbVci6FSi13rSNpPhVhMd6djTlX5OiZE6N3xfBmbPQ/s400/IMG_3149.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Typical sheltered habitat for <i>V. appalachiana</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTkbf5Fxc94HHQh_2Dl8sf_ujyis3MCcBOGecDx2eMnSrQ5TZeoYSNeOzBTMZEkM5QqIjm5XOtpVqOJuUNkDSyyZt1f9uQrPsMv6NwHPecGzYfiN2qe7-c3Z5zNmi2TGj6Obhkw7xBCfI/s1600/IMG_3162.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTkbf5Fxc94HHQh_2Dl8sf_ujyis3MCcBOGecDx2eMnSrQ5TZeoYSNeOzBTMZEkM5QqIjm5XOtpVqOJuUNkDSyyZt1f9uQrPsMv6NwHPecGzYfiN2qe7-c3Z5zNmi2TGj6Obhkw7xBCfI/s320/IMG_3162.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The dark crevices are where these ferns like to live</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFcD7mVGqq-oKCP7RZdQ7hz0N88mrrBlW9S3CQN8mZTZaWe2Wuhy_aRwfB7QsvcZKzSXKJprCfEE5rst1snw_llJcJfjmK85d0qqbfIautG8Xjej8IOO1Y-9aGh33nCAXM7nMj7vn1tZc/s1600/IMG_8934.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFcD7mVGqq-oKCP7RZdQ7hz0N88mrrBlW9S3CQN8mZTZaWe2Wuhy_aRwfB7QsvcZKzSXKJprCfEE5rst1snw_llJcJfjmK85d0qqbfIautG8Xjej8IOO1Y-9aGh33nCAXM7nMj7vn1tZc/s320/IMG_8934.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Joel Nitta, a grad student at Harvard, after gametophytes!</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkcJU35SfKsfSQIdMhy5kU55xASaZnzB55IDuXI2rfjQeUq4xLlOqyBr-q9ODZoULtM7SCOLPGEWrgOXTGrX68_OfqUW_MLNMIc371FT4jI7Bag4dXzRJk_uBa7ecHONHQonl8iBTvI0Q/s1600/IMG_3153.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkcJU35SfKsfSQIdMhy5kU55xASaZnzB55IDuXI2rfjQeUq4xLlOqyBr-q9ODZoULtM7SCOLPGEWrgOXTGrX68_OfqUW_MLNMIc371FT4jI7Bag4dXzRJk_uBa7ecHONHQonl8iBTvI0Q/s400/IMG_3153.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The product of a successful search - a tweezer-ful of Appalachian gametophytes</td></tr>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-5010639161478042112015-06-10T10:30:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:54:35.605-04:00 Virginia ferns, part II: DryopterisContinuing the posts about <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2015/06/virginia-ferns-part-i-asplenium.html" target="_blank">our trip to Virginia</a> with some photos of <i>Dryopteris, </i>the wood ferns! Most of these are of <i>D. campyloptera</i>, the mountain woodfern. It is an allopolyploid of <i>D. expansa</i> and <i>D. intermedia</i>, and has an interesting distribution, restricted to higher elevations and/or more northern latitudes in the eastern U.S.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeCCnCsgHxo-X5dXGyLZs5dpkboBn7TqnHhDSuff5EhT8H8i80TrkjAgP6kbrcRhykEgL5eML5dQFJguXbeRjR2JeGjR1F5Jp244EwRPermajwZfj6Eh1XlVYFhlkmQQvGN4mzt3QVSrI/s1600/IMG_2930.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeCCnCsgHxo-X5dXGyLZs5dpkboBn7TqnHhDSuff5EhT8H8i80TrkjAgP6kbrcRhykEgL5eML5dQFJguXbeRjR2JeGjR1F5Jp244EwRPermajwZfj6Eh1XlVYFhlkmQQvGN4mzt3QVSrI/s320/IMG_2930.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>D. campyloptera</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4XFM1o0rxEyXKWmCWTbBd9szHtHo5miLcHQmQZG4M-WOsMobeng7ZmX2yrUqt7xJ_yuXKjDfB6mvo7A53xbJrfKYmQE9koxpgugoDXtJReo1YQcF7zYo7_J2ZFp_MG1qTp8JbVqZGYkg/s1600/IMG_2931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4XFM1o0rxEyXKWmCWTbBd9szHtHo5miLcHQmQZG4M-WOsMobeng7ZmX2yrUqt7xJ_yuXKjDfB6mvo7A53xbJrfKYmQE9koxpgugoDXtJReo1YQcF7zYo7_J2ZFp_MG1qTp8JbVqZGYkg/s320/IMG_2931.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Typical <i>D. campyloptera </i>habitat </td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7kc2cLI5e2DAGq97NBNFRxLgbQd-YUAg7CmRNyZSXTUIzHa9Xiim5rRgSr3BGaQNx-Nup9qVAsFSfZjzeXCemxsUNktBRKgYrOZrZR-g8vbhowChBRgsTS9kBeB5YGunnlpyhyphenhyphen4zLDds/s1600/IMG_2932.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7kc2cLI5e2DAGq97NBNFRxLgbQd-YUAg7CmRNyZSXTUIzHa9Xiim5rRgSr3BGaQNx-Nup9qVAsFSfZjzeXCemxsUNktBRKgYrOZrZR-g8vbhowChBRgsTS9kBeB5YGunnlpyhyphenhyphen4zLDds/s320/IMG_2932.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>D. campyloptera</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPIpvTPuOXxZl-P4a9BF99fOydZFS8wHoVWSRk0U9uijbEaNhwem5ack_uNXPIMbrIWBXAHym6mvE0UVl_I6f7Us8tG-HKLVhmFGnjmyj6LV0-WvZWOXfSBUlwlYKbaZFDz87Hljs-eYY/s1600/IMG_2936.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPIpvTPuOXxZl-P4a9BF99fOydZFS8wHoVWSRk0U9uijbEaNhwem5ack_uNXPIMbrIWBXAHym6mvE0UVl_I6f7Us8tG-HKLVhmFGnjmyj6LV0-WvZWOXfSBUlwlYKbaZFDz87Hljs-eYY/s320/IMG_2936.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">More foggy mountain-top habitat!</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT_72BnBdprVkdzAs0V8pPFxwptylne3GU7LNQDbj8C-q_VrzPyjXtuuLG9U0ww6LlQvukw3c8gkEHyh1W8yHmVF6OR3v7OQYJ_kLOoET2atoUD_xmcenm4_Djw7IQri6_pE7rXOa4LpY/s1600/IMG_3110.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT_72BnBdprVkdzAs0V8pPFxwptylne3GU7LNQDbj8C-q_VrzPyjXtuuLG9U0ww6LlQvukw3c8gkEHyh1W8yHmVF6OR3v7OQYJ_kLOoET2atoUD_xmcenm4_Djw7IQri6_pE7rXOa4LpY/s320/IMG_3110.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>D. marginalis</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwREDAc_mRAFHtysBqfcg9uY5RYbx6zTZF1bjZARul_RFlRYHDv2FqX7IbfuQCBBk9haZdgXFNJYFh2m8qDscfSj9vZcKGGHi4ttk4-996CAdcYmIO0lvLe35a6ZevyyydBHn_RgOaNrg/s1600/IMG_3111.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwREDAc_mRAFHtysBqfcg9uY5RYbx6zTZF1bjZARul_RFlRYHDv2FqX7IbfuQCBBk9haZdgXFNJYFh2m8qDscfSj9vZcKGGHi4ttk4-996CAdcYmIO0lvLe35a6ZevyyydBHn_RgOaNrg/s320/IMG_3111.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>D. marginalis</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxTISf2Xx6NRUGl__iOtlDIeZIfXnL1chjJR5yFYBCb_T9zBUncxR3u6iyo0llYvGL5olZzlHMbl4B_rvOSpFDPK3ZuQJxA0_ZiWHLxTQnboR2F1iw7AbnzkXPrP4TgSEzVp-y5QaXUeE/s1600/IMG_3121.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxTISf2Xx6NRUGl__iOtlDIeZIfXnL1chjJR5yFYBCb_T9zBUncxR3u6iyo0llYvGL5olZzlHMbl4B_rvOSpFDPK3ZuQJxA0_ZiWHLxTQnboR2F1iw7AbnzkXPrP4TgSEzVp-y5QaXUeE/s320/IMG_3121.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>D. marginalis</i></td></tr>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-13261941542206561552015-06-08T17:44:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:54:26.793-04:00Virginia ferns, part I: AspleniumLast week there was a once-in-a-decade fern conference held at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Every ten years or so the fern community gets together to hold such a meeting, and people come from around the world to hear about what's new and exciting in fern biology. Next Generation Pteridology was the name of this meeting and it was a great success and a lot of fun. After the conference, I headed to the field with some old fern friends to do a bit of exploring in western Virginia. We were particularly interested in finding populations of <i>Asplenium </i>and <i>Dryopteris</i> species, and we were successful. I'll post the pictures of <i>Dryopteris</i> in part II, but here are three species of <i>Aspleniums </i>and a few other botanical highlights.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM_Komh4RsN7uvU0OeebVQ3gkCBbaE-aepxO-0yVbVVVGq6yYWsv_kuBNccI6lXsn4DvXg1Fa-v63ERN8bEt0_b97Xpo5lWcITelWZvw6YXrQFQzrShkCHgvXVLA2z0ZW8kjmAaHEc3LM/s1600/IMG_8883.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM_Komh4RsN7uvU0OeebVQ3gkCBbaE-aepxO-0yVbVVVGq6yYWsv_kuBNccI6lXsn4DvXg1Fa-v63ERN8bEt0_b97Xpo5lWcITelWZvw6YXrQFQzrShkCHgvXVLA2z0ZW8kjmAaHEc3LM/s320/IMG_8883.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium platyneuron</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf4DAOdh2y7O5Di3Wa7nfzqgDyTqsF6fAv8Z1qC939sCI0pq9IFUHDU2AhxdUU_XYx-5IoZmjFSbq8I7whmrl82fozO2Z031xzmZd0Ra-LHvwZ0CIz5bGIJUfVqK3v6TuZDCCwDmua190/s1600/IMG_8888.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf4DAOdh2y7O5Di3Wa7nfzqgDyTqsF6fAv8Z1qC939sCI0pq9IFUHDU2AhxdUU_XYx-5IoZmjFSbq8I7whmrl82fozO2Z031xzmZd0Ra-LHvwZ0CIz5bGIJUfVqK3v6TuZDCCwDmua190/s320/IMG_8888.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium trichomanes</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJQQRISwAWqA7rx7utN-7AIHSfmPaG7eGSqF_me2PwjJdgyS64slujDxzuWw0YM2vK4dHz1P2xgXK2v2EuSoMQd00Ch3y2Q0ez16Erih0MwdgYQTyZRnZZZr3bVSbQNEUEkmKpw9ExvU4/s1600/IMG_8889.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJQQRISwAWqA7rx7utN-7AIHSfmPaG7eGSqF_me2PwjJdgyS64slujDxzuWw0YM2vK4dHz1P2xgXK2v2EuSoMQd00Ch3y2Q0ez16Erih0MwdgYQTyZRnZZZr3bVSbQNEUEkmKpw9ExvU4/s320/IMG_8889.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Two <i>Aspleniums</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFTw-nE03MVICUi8XmC-eO4vAlDldXmsaFiT-SecuIvNH_EktTAO8g36BogzoTTT2y_kMc1ho6GfHI-ukKfv1vPcY1WS5B8y3fYuYojvf3ypwWdBMU1SQq3wAEKECTdl-LHH8WLETdavw/s1600/IMG_8931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFTw-nE03MVICUi8XmC-eO4vAlDldXmsaFiT-SecuIvNH_EktTAO8g36BogzoTTT2y_kMc1ho6GfHI-ukKfv1vPcY1WS5B8y3fYuYojvf3ypwWdBMU1SQq3wAEKECTdl-LHH8WLETdavw/s320/IMG_8931.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium rhizophyllum</i>, the walking fern</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw5t5tkFC8lCwi6hTF4J2syreDIssJ4JGAzdhyphenhyphenkuYskTZfFk7bw08pBpQ1uMUm7ugG506MvYzClA7SrmP0G_GhI1CznrA_ZN7x7VPnVB9_49EpED9I9bw3qiiG-InWbvCRRa__-ky7sMk/s1600/IMG_3004.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw5t5tkFC8lCwi6hTF4J2syreDIssJ4JGAzdhyphenhyphenkuYskTZfFk7bw08pBpQ1uMUm7ugG506MvYzClA7SrmP0G_GhI1CznrA_ZN7x7VPnVB9_49EpED9I9bw3qiiG-InWbvCRRa__-ky7sMk/s320/IMG_3004.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Athyrium filix-femina</i>, lady fern</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE_GmwQ9KlupwyLYjZsus86PFTSH7SIwd79NOJ0BZp0BmW3o_T7s4MuVQFDSOE_KimL-GhEfXPDG4uKttxzlLV5Bz49AzVLS9kyBN4y4qtFq_6hQ-olIaTmDqKBFBMiFYZeoBWzpv5skM/s1600/IMG_8902.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE_GmwQ9KlupwyLYjZsus86PFTSH7SIwd79NOJ0BZp0BmW3o_T7s4MuVQFDSOE_KimL-GhEfXPDG4uKttxzlLV5Bz49AzVLS9kyBN4y4qtFq_6hQ-olIaTmDqKBFBMiFYZeoBWzpv5skM/s320/IMG_8902.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pellaea glabra</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFEIKANLUhZbNzfpEE5NNmgTDzYgGZnA663DtQy2XBLgPs6PqB-DtZFtNeqNyxlIsmJ90FQQ4o8H7IAMj2eoNtonGkl02E4evemTt5KeQTRjFZajLyhyphenhyphen7r6dSnPveggfEC7Q1UIWntnNI/s1600/IMG_3028.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFEIKANLUhZbNzfpEE5NNmgTDzYgGZnA663DtQy2XBLgPs6PqB-DtZFtNeqNyxlIsmJ90FQQ4o8H7IAMj2eoNtonGkl02E4evemTt5KeQTRjFZajLyhyphenhyphen7r6dSnPveggfEC7Q1UIWntnNI/s320/IMG_3028.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Some gratuitous lichens! </td></tr>
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Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-40411933337283180212015-05-25T10:00:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:54:12.841-04:00More Pine RocklandsI've <a href="http://noseeds.blogspot.com/2014/09/pine-rocklands-project-and-field-work.html" target="_blank">written before</a> about a project on the endangered Pine Rocklands ecosystem of South Florida that I'm working on with my colleague Ben Baiser at UF and our master's student Lauren. We just went down to the Miami area for another field trip and it was great to see this habitat at another time of year - the previous trip had occurred in the fall. We managed to see a few more fern species that we had not seen on the last trip, as well as a few that are starting to become regulars.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXOu_eSLQKDMF-IRfdf3sYhf42vYN7fy7x8ohjK4Yltqpe8SoTaM0-1TcEwlWexpRUl4aq2ClzxhquEnINp80tpzJjp3m5-q34Tz0182vQCReyeiZTZOXVEzJ4BJymFcMrQ4gFhiEuslI/s1600/IMG_2598.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXOu_eSLQKDMF-IRfdf3sYhf42vYN7fy7x8ohjK4Yltqpe8SoTaM0-1TcEwlWexpRUl4aq2ClzxhquEnINp80tpzJjp3m5-q34Tz0182vQCReyeiZTZOXVEzJ4BJymFcMrQ4gFhiEuslI/s320/IMG_2598.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pleopeltis polypodioides</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisWVCUc88B-FiSQ9hQF9KRxuVMt5H3JIe8JQH3xBZoel-Nk5DagzpiSFWetwapnf9XCZBUiRs_MtaAy1Oui2TFBRf-qNKIziSrK_VsvKQEQ0sHANqmeCCHNlVIVTcNge1nKMDVPd2r1Uo/s1600/IMG_2609.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisWVCUc88B-FiSQ9hQF9KRxuVMt5H3JIe8JQH3xBZoel-Nk5DagzpiSFWetwapnf9XCZBUiRs_MtaAy1Oui2TFBRf-qNKIziSrK_VsvKQEQ0sHANqmeCCHNlVIVTcNge1nKMDVPd2r1Uo/s320/IMG_2609.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Vittaria lineata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNatHdNhCWLjGiGMnS2-mBcAxUcxvWx7XA8DE6fHOF0nEFnDJMo8fJF5ybX33B2Ouw3Yu_mHiOn-IbpZ88hcpzQ88kylPpScLsGSiUHd-BAbm70LIWoEeFW0asQbmwgpCjJJhIN5P1-jQ/s1600/IMG_2772.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNatHdNhCWLjGiGMnS2-mBcAxUcxvWx7XA8DE6fHOF0nEFnDJMo8fJF5ybX33B2Ouw3Yu_mHiOn-IbpZ88hcpzQ88kylPpScLsGSiUHd-BAbm70LIWoEeFW0asQbmwgpCjJJhIN5P1-jQ/s320/IMG_2772.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Acrostichum danaeifolium</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjemnjbJj4hb-c64zIHYR78oCKmsMi4btaJAGFLJVfzYsajjHPfVxcSjVA9WuSYefTDIkBmjlW-ljFwfVWbSm5RlIC_pR77bYIbj8efI123nsTIEZhjEAiCLjAVgKzmJ7tA_selbClwaLI/s1600/IMG_2796.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjemnjbJj4hb-c64zIHYR78oCKmsMi4btaJAGFLJVfzYsajjHPfVxcSjVA9WuSYefTDIkBmjlW-ljFwfVWbSm5RlIC_pR77bYIbj8efI123nsTIEZhjEAiCLjAVgKzmJ7tA_selbClwaLI/s320/IMG_2796.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Acrostichum danaeifolium</i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimspCV4mGEITXITR2OI1Ziz6yDW17y7r8I4HMdi8Bb7E6JQxRwuhGwlBdqcKPK_3BnU1hqLAg2JlJRGpQTYK2e4O3h83LTbtUC9PfZ-U0E7n0MDKSi0KNDUpbe2nxaHzOJWwkwYbNch8U/s1600/IMG_2855.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimspCV4mGEITXITR2OI1Ziz6yDW17y7r8I4HMdi8Bb7E6JQxRwuhGwlBdqcKPK_3BnU1hqLAg2JlJRGpQTYK2e4O3h83LTbtUC9PfZ-U0E7n0MDKSi0KNDUpbe2nxaHzOJWwkwYbNch8U/s320/IMG_2855.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Anemia adiantifolia</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvgfCmLxUcNAvUUd4H2BZvEN9eJALCr5M9QXHgRm8YHCDFl6hRsfNM3bOtMX9RV3VQN1e3poJYRcUOMXmS_N_swYRBGJKl30r-ULcQI4UOgAilQwmwuncJoqS2vjHC0BGpI0ERrTrzOnU/s1600/IMG_2906.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvgfCmLxUcNAvUUd4H2BZvEN9eJALCr5M9QXHgRm8YHCDFl6hRsfNM3bOtMX9RV3VQN1e3poJYRcUOMXmS_N_swYRBGJKl30r-ULcQI4UOgAilQwmwuncJoqS2vjHC0BGpI0ERrTrzOnU/s320/IMG_2906.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Psilotum nudum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsL2Z0wUY-ZtRECcorw9iEp1TJfckSuWAM9fYjn5q3mU3IzdT-qWfezfybhTjiQaG_6KRYJWCmdvoE1z1H8BRxvK52OPDBIT_YZB74x8E-UiBDAwG0Cx1LL6QPVmL88XI1CQwOeLe2Fzs/s1600/IMG_2909.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsL2Z0wUY-ZtRECcorw9iEp1TJfckSuWAM9fYjn5q3mU3IzdT-qWfezfybhTjiQaG_6KRYJWCmdvoE1z1H8BRxvK52OPDBIT_YZB74x8E-UiBDAwG0Cx1LL6QPVmL88XI1CQwOeLe2Fzs/s320/IMG_2909.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Psilotum nudum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUwjtJu2tqQd1EV70S_ekQ1QZEQZ2IxUmb4DkZniA7xkxfM3XtgP04CEhNw5LVIT-e8Y-TdKWSp4LFJmTrrK6jPTNIAP5qkESnGCqOeAjlb-rRBSzdW4E2YAdcVfUWosELVlJ6aO_Dxe0/s1600/IMG_2910.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUwjtJu2tqQd1EV70S_ekQ1QZEQZ2IxUmb4DkZniA7xkxfM3XtgP04CEhNw5LVIT-e8Y-TdKWSp4LFJmTrrK6jPTNIAP5qkESnGCqOeAjlb-rRBSzdW4E2YAdcVfUWosELVlJ6aO_Dxe0/s320/IMG_2910.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Palm tree with <i>Nephrolepis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-82896989461015877612015-02-27T22:52:00.000-05:002016-03-13T20:53:26.583-04:00Ferns in the news: weird sex<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><img alt="Botanists say this plant is the fern equivalent of a human-lemur love child." class="img" src="http://media.npr.org/assets/img/2015/02/23/fern-1_custom-ebccd1e43ef5bf7ca872895c81e054f3173db9a6-s1100-c85.jpg" height="262" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Botanists say this plant is the fern equivalent of a human-lemur love child." width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Photo by Harry Roskam</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
It's always a good day when ferns make the news, so the last few weeks have been pretty great! <a href="http://ib.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/rothfelsc" target="_blank">Carl Rothfels</a> and colleagues have determined that two ferns alive today, but whose ancestors diverged from one another around 60 million years ago, have hybridized to form a new (although sterile) species. The new species is a hybrid between two different genera, <i>Cystopteris</i> and <i>Gymnocarpium</i>, and its name is <i>Cystocarpium roskamianum</i>. Intergeneric hybrids are very rare, because it becomes more and more difficult to be interfertile the more diverged two organisms are from one another. We often consider species to be units that are distinct from one another reproductively (although this is frequently untrue, particularly in plants), and genera are implicitly assumed to be even more so. There are four other known intergeneric hybrids in ferns, including <i><a href="http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/b92-034#.VPvKaUKeo10" target="_blank">Dryostichum singulare</a></i>, a hybrid between <i>Dryopteris goldiana </i>and <i>Polystichum lonchitis, </i>but none involve parental genera as anciently diverged as <i>Cystocarpium</i>'s. The authors use the analogy that this would be like a human and a lemur mating and producing offspring – the genetic distances involved are similar!<br />
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The story has been covered by a number of news outlets. Links are below, and I'm pleased to add that I was contacted for a comment for the NPR piece, which I very happily gave. </div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.npr.org/2015/02/24/388515559/-weird-fern-shows-the-power-of-interspecies-sex" target="_blank">NPR: 'Weird' fern shows the power of interspecies sex</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v518/n7539/full/518276c.html" target="_blank">Nature News: Fern hybrid does not mind the gap</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150213145051.htm" target="_blank">ScienceDaily: Distant species produce 'love child' fern after 60-million-year breakup</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/distant-species-produce-hybrid-60-million-years-after-their-split" target="_blank">IFLScience: Distinct species produce hybrid 60 million years after their split</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/extension/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogger.g%3FblogID%3D4963320230136935955%23editor%2Ftarget%3Dpost%3BpostID%3D1150216760652111078&media=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.npr.org%2Fassets%2Fimg%2F2015%2F02%2F23%2Ffern-1_custom-ebccd1e43ef5bf7ca872895c81e054f3173db9a6-s1100-c85.jpg&xm=h&xv=sa1.35&description=Botanists%20say%20this%20plant%20is%20the%20fern%20equivalent%20of%20a%20human-lemur%20love%20child." style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(data:image/png; border: none; cursor: pointer; display: none; height: 20px; left: 153px; opacity: 0.85; position: absolute; top: 42px; width: 40px; z-index: 8675309;"></a><a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/extension/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogger.g%3FblogID%3D4963320230136935955%23editor%2Ftarget%3Dpost%3BpostID%3D1150216760652111078&media=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.npr.org%2Fassets%2Fimg%2F2015%2F02%2F23%2Ffern-1_custom-ebccd1e43ef5bf7ca872895c81e054f3173db9a6-s1100-c85.jpg&xm=h&xv=sa1.35&description=Botanists%20say%20this%20plant%20is%20the%20fern%20equivalent%20of%20a%20human-lemur%20love%20child." style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(data:image/png; border: none; cursor: pointer; display: none; height: 20px; left: 153px; opacity: 0.85; position: absolute; top: 42px; width: 40px; z-index: 8675309;"></a>Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-66744352078762324392015-01-30T22:48:00.000-05:002016-03-13T20:53:05.895-04:00OTS Fern CourseI just got back from spending three weeks in Costa Rica, attending a special course on Tropical Ferns and Lycophytes from the Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS). This course was first offered in the 1960s, and not again until 2008. I went on the 2008 course as a student, and returned this time as a visiting faculty member. We spent a few days in San Jose and then a week each at two OTS field stations, Las Cruces in the southern part of the country, and La Selva north of San Jose in lowland rainforest.<br />
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Las Cruces is particularly fun for the bird life, and many beautiful species show up for the daily offering of bananas outside the dining hall:<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidATM2zN-szck8Dv0tWz39NzqNC0oxSDBVATKSqO5U-FDhtWQPkNQgbq3cyiujZJki0RQXtpapfoU8NzqZVHo1WOn2N0s9lLzv26zSQi2VpSeBLKIxCrXIhttVyc3bwr5KCk87Rlr33Xo/s1600/Blue+crowned+motmot+-+07.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidATM2zN-szck8Dv0tWz39NzqNC0oxSDBVATKSqO5U-FDhtWQPkNQgbq3cyiujZJki0RQXtpapfoU8NzqZVHo1WOn2N0s9lLzv26zSQi2VpSeBLKIxCrXIhttVyc3bwr5KCk87Rlr33Xo/s1600/Blue+crowned+motmot+-+07.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blue-crowned motmot</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsHyepYWi2ZEEmvsFGBBc4d5RGjrk2JIbfv9EfTDJm_MiRVc-V-G7H9AbLOSZPkOcu5WxMccp0xbI8eSlcYJv8Doe2zr_8cfRyxWKVu6L9PrYeaGsBH_7bgOPc6PJORCo2a5QmCeAM_o4/s1600/Green+honeycreeper+-+05.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsHyepYWi2ZEEmvsFGBBc4d5RGjrk2JIbfv9EfTDJm_MiRVc-V-G7H9AbLOSZPkOcu5WxMccp0xbI8eSlcYJv8Doe2zr_8cfRyxWKVu6L9PrYeaGsBH_7bgOPc6PJORCo2a5QmCeAM_o4/s1600/Green+honeycreeper+-+05.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Male green honeycreeper</td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwvvf5qYQLqdthiK98YyGqsnGf5XJvqA4qYoQMp7MyyAUIcATykLT02eXAPwfM9dIduQNrMWwrfZqwIC-UlAwshocxLHqWfb7plVSYTaMqfwl2CHF8ncOPBgD015c4lHsRnkXJ-9dEvq4/s1600/Silver+throated+tanager+-+5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwvvf5qYQLqdthiK98YyGqsnGf5XJvqA4qYoQMp7MyyAUIcATykLT02eXAPwfM9dIduQNrMWwrfZqwIC-UlAwshocxLHqWfb7plVSYTaMqfwl2CHF8ncOPBgD015c4lHsRnkXJ-9dEvq4/s1600/Silver+throated+tanager+-+5.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Silver-throated tanager</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAaNUWmHEq6Ofy74_h3gPtRx-XIhaGOQ2lgEd-22XCFbOlmmbrmMdMHj26EmlPh7AD-QH3Ul7jbUKZtfum8thpE9GeKzwu2ADnfK-XDItwEtePDAJQZ44lyNoyfXk3ORs-dGBjNwe1NWw/s1600/Speckled+tanager+-+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAaNUWmHEq6Ofy74_h3gPtRx-XIhaGOQ2lgEd-22XCFbOlmmbrmMdMHj26EmlPh7AD-QH3Ul7jbUKZtfum8thpE9GeKzwu2ADnfK-XDItwEtePDAJQZ44lyNoyfXk3ORs-dGBjNwe1NWw/s1600/Speckled+tanager+-+2.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Speckled tanager</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
And now just a few of the dozens (possibly hundreds) of ferns we saw over the course of three weeks...<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVw0dOlYXkS5uarNtjIkKNqsNA689U7vLCsUsjVDS_G0Ybgh6rprIHO_d1PU5ptuW-FssdbM0BFuJRdhBEerw2jIb1hKoOGBiatlpCHvkqBZK9wrvnfl0oKXnkNRv-GC9T6zSUFGCEDCg/s1600/IMG_0121.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVw0dOlYXkS5uarNtjIkKNqsNA689U7vLCsUsjVDS_G0Ybgh6rprIHO_d1PU5ptuW-FssdbM0BFuJRdhBEerw2jIb1hKoOGBiatlpCHvkqBZK9wrvnfl0oKXnkNRv-GC9T6zSUFGCEDCg/s1600/IMG_0121.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tiny sporophytes of <i>Asplenium holophlebium</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Td8_UPtvkfBA3fz3XQs99zqwrGV_uh6N3TZif36Km9pyP0DTGDoa86-PBt_1UGOl52LBSUtSXtf4pjny-5gRddh4S6P0OpcUch4MsepA78uIotLVdE5Z2MsBfQi5g0uvnv-lfe1cny0/s1600/IMG_0128.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Td8_UPtvkfBA3fz3XQs99zqwrGV_uh6N3TZif36Km9pyP0DTGDoa86-PBt_1UGOl52LBSUtSXtf4pjny-5gRddh4S6P0OpcUch4MsepA78uIotLVdE5Z2MsBfQi5g0uvnv-lfe1cny0/s1600/IMG_0128.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hymenophyllum</i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdoKdCMUTQJPikgmgfS-K_TcqlxurJ1w5QOc4BEqscZ6oYw0SNQLuOLptnK4NBT4-cPy9qCatJPMiWTVnJjzGPrAskQdRoo3CNjBpLdHZQfYUuqaRrlNMgFRCx8ENtRp_0xEH4PLKPwh4/s1600/IMG_0556.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdoKdCMUTQJPikgmgfS-K_TcqlxurJ1w5QOc4BEqscZ6oYw0SNQLuOLptnK4NBT4-cPy9qCatJPMiWTVnJjzGPrAskQdRoo3CNjBpLdHZQfYUuqaRrlNMgFRCx8ENtRp_0xEH4PLKPwh4/s1600/IMG_0556.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Ophioglossum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYovTj0fL1ieVvO9F7VggzCLZapKaWq89DyYi6OuncWRsKmja5y4GOvk11RKr6PTsHoqRNcOkYAGkcvCyjbjQxeQZMCCTd2QMxuE9PzkbRsCevVmZ8oPfQQbznBM4ZqgZdisXKshmrRlg/s1600/IMG_0659.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYovTj0fL1ieVvO9F7VggzCLZapKaWq89DyYi6OuncWRsKmja5y4GOvk11RKr6PTsHoqRNcOkYAGkcvCyjbjQxeQZMCCTd2QMxuE9PzkbRsCevVmZ8oPfQQbznBM4ZqgZdisXKshmrRlg/s1600/IMG_0659.JPG" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hymenophyllum</i> sporangia with green spores apparent </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyUNEYVjPr5UOUpu0D0l2iHTIM4eeYwu8k-IU58Q_RFbX5RbbpdgBjXnFJF5CYuStbOeYZp-mQ9VAowSz8A2rwgbcoyCQzl2VJ_ebR89ibesfGjYtO6Zuqs9Rxuy8ngOPO5O8xdJII8Eg/s1600/IMG_0667.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyUNEYVjPr5UOUpu0D0l2iHTIM4eeYwu8k-IU58Q_RFbX5RbbpdgBjXnFJF5CYuStbOeYZp-mQ9VAowSz8A2rwgbcoyCQzl2VJ_ebR89ibesfGjYtO6Zuqs9Rxuy8ngOPO5O8xdJII8Eg/s1600/IMG_0667.jpg" width="213" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5m8GIWyPy1xZsjvqwDInLvrXeRkbd79JwhTVKdMGKkW6XJXlOgnyLkfAivU3C8TRSHRTTgH3KWtSHE1r58XIURnQMCVFYQ_GUdFRYHaomwKc3TSwjd77tdjfxl6KUmOPf5veKEtr0-nk/s1600/IMG_8351.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5m8GIWyPy1xZsjvqwDInLvrXeRkbd79JwhTVKdMGKkW6XJXlOgnyLkfAivU3C8TRSHRTTgH3KWtSHE1r58XIURnQMCVFYQ_GUdFRYHaomwKc3TSwjd77tdjfxl6KUmOPf5veKEtr0-nk/s1600/IMG_8351.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Two members of Gleicheniaceae, <i>Sticherus</i> (darker green) and <i>Gleicheniella</i> (lighter green)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmT3unr405R4efRXJm1Zfqax1IL9AVRLlK4DFQpIadLInQeFZhSY4qHFtrY66a53oU6EVETsBqEfDKB3Gjxl4KN6gtKUZ4ryF1kmLp2wxomnIGBCoHv_3dzTXOPCtmoujUfCXG8Mo4GZQ/s1600/IMG_8361.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmT3unr405R4efRXJm1Zfqax1IL9AVRLlK4DFQpIadLInQeFZhSY4qHFtrY66a53oU6EVETsBqEfDKB3Gjxl4KN6gtKUZ4ryF1kmLp2wxomnIGBCoHv_3dzTXOPCtmoujUfCXG8Mo4GZQ/s1600/IMG_8361.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gleicheniella</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP4rEc3n4ht1ced0eg4yF0Wg8ZMeekfWTmLmRyF0etmIQt8SiNiQvAp7XUijo69vlLiFZ3j32YBfp1Tbpz7P13zy8aiqvlQSy4m1SwSzD-4gss30JJSKTzLTaEmebwijSaMxEpqr5vYw0/s1600/IMG_8432.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP4rEc3n4ht1ced0eg4yF0Wg8ZMeekfWTmLmRyF0etmIQt8SiNiQvAp7XUijo69vlLiFZ3j32YBfp1Tbpz7P13zy8aiqvlQSy4m1SwSzD-4gss30JJSKTzLTaEmebwijSaMxEpqr5vYw0/s1600/IMG_8432.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">An tree tipup with incredibly dense fern gametophytes</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYoXkB5q2iI49fLBhBr7y8a1UImp7JY5LdyLjYy-5iXbEIkmKry_CrtmONmTRplTT827Yqyd_EURfwTwCJpSXxkgwzs0uV0lXSPZqLEAVjGhaMLaMHMfOsMzsq11SHlD2PwLqaAl5s97c/s1600/IMG_8394.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYoXkB5q2iI49fLBhBr7y8a1UImp7JY5LdyLjYy-5iXbEIkmKry_CrtmONmTRplTT827Yqyd_EURfwTwCJpSXxkgwzs0uV0lXSPZqLEAVjGhaMLaMHMfOsMzsq11SHlD2PwLqaAl5s97c/s1600/IMG_8394.jpg" width="239" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZi6mk_iddDmApUVls9Brxyjz7aKmP4Nw2SMIz3mfTyER78VGusRmOi4KVPpe1ttUQm07_NtjPqBrKNU5q6MR_1B_Cl2x5vk2-OxZbnSPolde6SVy5ONs3ZFKWOKpJqYhsu08dK3SwZvU/s1600/IMG_8400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZi6mk_iddDmApUVls9Brxyjz7aKmP4Nw2SMIz3mfTyER78VGusRmOi4KVPpe1ttUQm07_NtjPqBrKNU5q6MR_1B_Cl2x5vk2-OxZbnSPolde6SVy5ONs3ZFKWOKpJqYhsu08dK3SwZvU/s1600/IMG_8400.jpg" width="239" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn14qm7QQYFaAUT5dIRpgH3-HcmCdF0KYES6kyY6L6xuapguaqiJhgOmCIVoek00zMRbBLbeGmOleQKJ2bSPLF0HIhFZyz7ZJOsB9nvkrhQlAO8t4-A-aJzEFDeqSuELXArR8JR-x9rIA/s1600/IMG_8436.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn14qm7QQYFaAUT5dIRpgH3-HcmCdF0KYES6kyY6L6xuapguaqiJhgOmCIVoek00zMRbBLbeGmOleQKJ2bSPLF0HIhFZyz7ZJOsB9nvkrhQlAO8t4-A-aJzEFDeqSuELXArR8JR-x9rIA/s1600/IMG_8436.jpg" width="239" /></a></div>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-7501251793495177382014-11-28T23:17:00.000-05:002016-03-13T20:52:47.547-04:00Fern resource: Ferns and Lycophytes of the World<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkF0s7RzfwQ5IGZDHjbkoNk9oI7GE8EmW3BOEDnOWCemEZX8GWg97TVdCmbcPWbxiAMQ7wyZdRlyb6Cz6pUnKGegxX30ZnuC-qkZjtJUXK8ahQ-1G9xMsrS74tIUVFl60wwiyfq_gstUg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2015-03-07+at+11.19.31+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkF0s7RzfwQ5IGZDHjbkoNk9oI7GE8EmW3BOEDnOWCemEZX8GWg97TVdCmbcPWbxiAMQ7wyZdRlyb6Cz6pUnKGegxX30ZnuC-qkZjtJUXK8ahQ-1G9xMsrS74tIUVFl60wwiyfq_gstUg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2015-03-07+at+11.19.31+PM.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
If you're looking for information and pictures of ferns, check out <a href="http://www.fernsoftheworld.com/" target="_blank">Ferns and Lycophytes of the World</a>. This site is a great repository of information about ferns and lycophytes, and serves as a "digital herbarium", connecting collection information with keys, floras, photos, and more. Contributors to the site include a number of fern and lycophyte experts based all over the world, and you can sign up to contribute yourself if you're interested. </div>
Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-11502167606521110782014-10-01T22:37:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:52:19.473-04:00Ferns in and around Archbold Biological StationMy most recent field trip was to go fern-hunting in central Florida. My friend and colleague Eddie Watkins from Colgate University escaped the onset of fall in the north to come visit sunny Florida for a few days. We set out to collect spores of various fern species in order grow and include them in a study we're doing on fern mating systems. We visited Archbold Biological Station, and a Florida state park called Highlands Hammock. Both were beautiful, and with a diverse set of species at each location from which we were able to collect lots of fertile spore material.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmmm5QH7BnhVPCNpT8Fh-WIN9eQYTuDU3U3CQrGIFFLCoHn1yktrtx675sVezfi9hp505NmN70hJfdPdypvRG-5nXpCGaLwTm9NjfKmZHzY1tdC1trEkmcppxdzIBMeMcBxaLHTNS1M8I/s1600/IMG_7045.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmmm5QH7BnhVPCNpT8Fh-WIN9eQYTuDU3U3CQrGIFFLCoHn1yktrtx675sVezfi9hp505NmN70hJfdPdypvRG-5nXpCGaLwTm9NjfKmZHzY1tdC1trEkmcppxdzIBMeMcBxaLHTNS1M8I/s1600/IMG_7045.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Vittaria lineata</i> </td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwY_Q0a5qb88vUAPCQHP0NIMDoNyWb822hicIqubVaKejIa-TIOP9HS4_nC4hkza2xWnwiZc-4kcWa6XIodNxOrQa-_auvfSG5TtwaiQNh0mutE9OFr_SZxfAL8rmb6jxZFAnsNA6c9no/s1600/IMG_7062.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwY_Q0a5qb88vUAPCQHP0NIMDoNyWb822hicIqubVaKejIa-TIOP9HS4_nC4hkza2xWnwiZc-4kcWa6XIodNxOrQa-_auvfSG5TtwaiQNh0mutE9OFr_SZxfAL8rmb6jxZFAnsNA6c9no/s1600/IMG_7062.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tree trunk covered in mosses, fern gametophytes, and young fern sporophytes</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOXiMbVXFVLjxn6urUk2S6VrJO6XTv0pXEesQos1Tc7wWkgWWsxhH9e40lxYZRg0JLrBcVGDFQ45TcKNRBLCYcsXGVSC3vPG2USNt-wvJKyLbBciNJK1VdLo5ogY_v4LE5a-SN1vKKEx4/s1600/IMG_7109.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOXiMbVXFVLjxn6urUk2S6VrJO6XTv0pXEesQos1Tc7wWkgWWsxhH9e40lxYZRg0JLrBcVGDFQ45TcKNRBLCYcsXGVSC3vPG2USNt-wvJKyLbBciNJK1VdLo5ogY_v4LE5a-SN1vKKEx4/s1600/IMG_7109.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Ceratopteris thalictroides</i> </td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3eyp2wAYdnrb1rAm4mfAU98I9qRxERwAIuei19NWhZsGnS5fKqsCi_XfZNe-gAe9JG7fnOuMOIsKvdHok6b0gFl5xa9H_HYsBk9cL70x1SB0jYPDzQLSSdW-F-baIc29ptrsNMo5nYIQ/s1600/IMG_7130.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3eyp2wAYdnrb1rAm4mfAU98I9qRxERwAIuei19NWhZsGnS5fKqsCi_XfZNe-gAe9JG7fnOuMOIsKvdHok6b0gFl5xa9H_HYsBk9cL70x1SB0jYPDzQLSSdW-F-baIc29ptrsNMo5nYIQ/s1600/IMG_7130.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Lygodium microphyllum, </i>one of two invasive <i>Lygodium </i>species in the southeastern U.S.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj69JTXkiO6_uCTJGzLumBViJ8xM14qr4QjYC4iOUueDJH-jpJf97WIjk3A7gVxkObpqDgwMHKG0d_cF7pUomAxNZ9t_4imnKx_U3ZF_uTTwMJvps-Ko98Ge98vh3n0ULzE8a3gFirsWqY/s1600/IMG_7139.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj69JTXkiO6_uCTJGzLumBViJ8xM14qr4QjYC4iOUueDJH-jpJf97WIjk3A7gVxkObpqDgwMHKG0d_cF7pUomAxNZ9t_4imnKx_U3ZF_uTTwMJvps-Ko98Ge98vh3n0ULzE8a3gFirsWqY/s1600/IMG_7139.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Lygodium microphyllum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0R7Dw7kEYpAYxzbA4VsqfkXw9nj1sm84-2RCan6xgBjphbLDK29Xw_QS_awpWZpBx-29VUuMA77sNWkyvROVZsM1Jh-Hu3jBaTHRxGpWRoUauy72aj1m7vsduso4Q9KOuqI1FopHuwgY/s1600/IMG_7146.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0R7Dw7kEYpAYxzbA4VsqfkXw9nj1sm84-2RCan6xgBjphbLDK29Xw_QS_awpWZpBx-29VUuMA77sNWkyvROVZsM1Jh-Hu3jBaTHRxGpWRoUauy72aj1m7vsduso4Q9KOuqI1FopHuwgY/s1600/IMG_7146.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Lygodium microphyllum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7peRGq963veQH56gUu7TIDKUvoRIBC3jkBKaslnR2b-tNDH4ZpDZphvYHPrT6JQ_y6g7NlZ7fU21TP2WACykz5ECz0pPqmqOcHkw0NzY3n0jA1dYDKsyT2UwP3dbDs6xcyEL2K-KtDzw/s1600/IMG_7151.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7peRGq963veQH56gUu7TIDKUvoRIBC3jkBKaslnR2b-tNDH4ZpDZphvYHPrT6JQ_y6g7NlZ7fU21TP2WACykz5ECz0pPqmqOcHkw0NzY3n0jA1dYDKsyT2UwP3dbDs6xcyEL2K-KtDzw/s1600/IMG_7151.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ferns at Archbold</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-54328314777158928962014-09-15T22:08:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:51:52.363-04:00Pine Rocklands project and field workA few weeks ago I went on the first field trip for a new project I'm involved in with a colleague here at UF, <a href="http://www.wec.ufl.edu/faculty/baiser/" target="_blank">Ben Baiser</a>, looking at phylogenetic relationships of plants in a unique, endangered habitat in South Florida. The pine rocklands is a highly fragmented habitat that is only found on the Miami Rock Ridge, the area in and around Miami and its surrounding metro area. The pine rocklands exist in patchy fragments throughout this area, and in one large patch in the Everglades. Our project is focused on understanding food web dynamics within and between separate pine rockland fragments, and the first step is to identify and DNA barcode all of the plant species.<br />
<br />
While we intend to collect all 500+ species found in the pine rocklands, my main interest is of course the ferns. Here are photos of the fern species we've found there so far, with more still to come!<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzbV_u3ryLozm5IuRdJXlYkCJBLiiEdbE0KSaG2sNVdeh1dbxOCfs4CE9iQL7OTywm9odztTqj-1Zxmh4MeUu2uc4y2W5ERaJuh9fYsuWPiB-zNjSbc9licp2Wz-b_d3UFnn9rAPLCsP4/s1600/IMG_3564.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzbV_u3ryLozm5IuRdJXlYkCJBLiiEdbE0KSaG2sNVdeh1dbxOCfs4CE9iQL7OTywm9odztTqj-1Zxmh4MeUu2uc4y2W5ERaJuh9fYsuWPiB-zNjSbc9licp2Wz-b_d3UFnn9rAPLCsP4/s1600/IMG_3564.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Anemia adiantifolia</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLg39Gi8yqAJeX6XtYpDJnzcU7FsR4rMM_QH_JJorRH7AGUsAAgritLwBm8XUvQce3UzjV_CT4hLfrEhw12Kc17gUcHulvBs2CyL1zvEbenlml4lVUczHfndWM-LZfeHQ2wig4MaDnLpo/s1600/IMG_3567.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLg39Gi8yqAJeX6XtYpDJnzcU7FsR4rMM_QH_JJorRH7AGUsAAgritLwBm8XUvQce3UzjV_CT4hLfrEhw12Kc17gUcHulvBs2CyL1zvEbenlml4lVUczHfndWM-LZfeHQ2wig4MaDnLpo/s1600/IMG_3567.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Anemia adiantifolia</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPC4VjxwN6GR2r8aFIFCuOPoMIxFXg6ILX7MkRr_ERWkYTfgfCOkIlZgsu-ufxn3V7mYnCfsDtZ2mcVp2A4VYSDNZ2cZpR2QZbKc5crRRJdz5kSGokBNCq-Syh-3sFDHvNyX5olWFACPc/s1600/IMG_7454.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPC4VjxwN6GR2r8aFIFCuOPoMIxFXg6ILX7MkRr_ERWkYTfgfCOkIlZgsu-ufxn3V7mYnCfsDtZ2mcVp2A4VYSDNZ2cZpR2QZbKc5crRRJdz5kSGokBNCq-Syh-3sFDHvNyX5olWFACPc/s1600/IMG_7454.JPG" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Anemia adiantifolia</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ1wMj60eW6N1YfidAUynoj8aMSFUzV8SiSZ1dZxo7dlBedmvlcZhi3fv0uXczqZj0b-RinVVNyfHywF6Exea6SSgKf-EbyozwyzEaUA5UEJNAsRPPQYvYpZAII5UahfO8bsTWox-zNOU/s1600/IMG_7432.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ1wMj60eW6N1YfidAUynoj8aMSFUzV8SiSZ1dZxo7dlBedmvlcZhi3fv0uXczqZj0b-RinVVNyfHywF6Exea6SSgKf-EbyozwyzEaUA5UEJNAsRPPQYvYpZAII5UahfO8bsTWox-zNOU/s1600/IMG_7432.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Vittaria lineata</i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3K5PsU5qFg9dYKNeMBBtQ5Cp2lNX6MUaVoJ4n45eS7UG56LEKF3mdGDgBovuChlzouC2o5kshZsYWrkink2UABoFufyc4VYnPPZNP-YZQcCUgHOmhcHQuDB2nnGPZFs2Q_VmhpDbFXS4/s1600/IMG_7423.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3K5PsU5qFg9dYKNeMBBtQ5Cp2lNX6MUaVoJ4n45eS7UG56LEKF3mdGDgBovuChlzouC2o5kshZsYWrkink2UABoFufyc4VYnPPZNP-YZQcCUgHOmhcHQuDB2nnGPZFs2Q_VmhpDbFXS4/s1600/IMG_7423.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pteris bahamensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTSoqWqt689W0oJnqOsmn23QMErvmEd2F27jtNvP2qERIHYnoVF5OGItK8HwmmPJh-ePiZajqIUyKoomXP2CDhXK2UtG0eO8oguso9-xIpQsOk40qVZ21ZK9dXaucVMLp0bdWRpZQgTKY/s1600/IMG_9538.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTSoqWqt689W0oJnqOsmn23QMErvmEd2F27jtNvP2qERIHYnoVF5OGItK8HwmmPJh-ePiZajqIUyKoomXP2CDhXK2UtG0eO8oguso9-xIpQsOk40qVZ21ZK9dXaucVMLp0bdWRpZQgTKY/s1600/IMG_9538.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pteris vittata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8dyFqu5HMQ95z1YkvdGRIeNH4APtMz8THIFL7vZolChlJ35INIGThnEg9MzYZgE4ZJdeTlgPhi6mbZJaFjeZGbeluvIvy8rGxd6Hv2hzbOp6ffwZufuIKRg3HCCrXwxKG5KEKsn_ME9Y/s1600/IMG_7439.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8dyFqu5HMQ95z1YkvdGRIeNH4APtMz8THIFL7vZolChlJ35INIGThnEg9MzYZgE4ZJdeTlgPhi6mbZJaFjeZGbeluvIvy8rGxd6Hv2hzbOp6ffwZufuIKRg3HCCrXwxKG5KEKsn_ME9Y/s1600/IMG_7439.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Psilotum nudum, </i>the first time I've seen it in the wild!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJJ-QHIbwDYUTi5tu2D-M51RzpBQ2glCsj6LxQMMQEROONB0MeG9iom9fKpxeMZGFDi1gXE61Bc38e7eHpevMULF6wbIbJCc8eRx36NtGcCfhLhqSKeP-vvwlf6b9B49G52XwpZ8_pbgc/s1600/IMG_9443.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJJ-QHIbwDYUTi5tu2D-M51RzpBQ2glCsj6LxQMMQEROONB0MeG9iom9fKpxeMZGFDi1gXE61Bc38e7eHpevMULF6wbIbJCc8eRx36NtGcCfhLhqSKeP-vvwlf6b9B49G52XwpZ8_pbgc/s1600/IMG_9443.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Pleopeltis polypodioides</i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCWK7oY71K7GlcIrA_rgY1-OwNSWk6oP48t4PJldN_O-EjWEg7xhPjCR1gOf9D1VyrkZunkWMN-DFJmw2z9ob8oq5YVuHDzbhkQS7gzABit5bcrlcW6sJSO4_byRPKheCV6Ys3ZT7QkwE/s1600/IMG_9460.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCWK7oY71K7GlcIrA_rgY1-OwNSWk6oP48t4PJldN_O-EjWEg7xhPjCR1gOf9D1VyrkZunkWMN-DFJmw2z9ob8oq5YVuHDzbhkQS7gzABit5bcrlcW6sJSO4_byRPKheCV6Ys3ZT7QkwE/s1600/IMG_9460.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A tree-load of epiphytic ferns and bromeliads </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNf65Zuc_5pv7mh1ANkCLS9VSNI5EF0W26snXfrmOdLmYrVyFAViZhaYrH0BWw03IhL46ixs6Dz4UOrGvhbkPJMKnDJQ-bbRWtaTAH_iTM_bzHOfOLWrbu3m8PpUHpMBRWqcPNLsFFhOs/s1600/IMG_9627.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNf65Zuc_5pv7mh1ANkCLS9VSNI5EF0W26snXfrmOdLmYrVyFAViZhaYrH0BWw03IhL46ixs6Dz4UOrGvhbkPJMKnDJQ-bbRWtaTAH_iTM_bzHOfOLWrbu3m8PpUHpMBRWqcPNLsFFhOs/s1600/IMG_9627.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Florida blue and orange! <i>Asclepias </i>and <i>Sisyrinchium.</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/extension/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogger.g%3FblogID%3D4963320230136935955%23editor%2Ftarget%3Dpost%3BpostID%3D7320498388100998643&media=https%3A%2F%2Fimages-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com%2Fgadgets%2Fproxy%3Furl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252F4.bp.blogspot.com%252F-QaAdlyll-Do%252FVPu99mzLXkI%252FAAAAAAAAC2g%252FotemX7OUxrs%252Fs1600%252FIMG_3564.jpg%26container%3Dblogger%26gadget%3Da%26rewriteMime%3Dimage%252F*&xm=h&xv=sa1.35&description=" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(data:image/png; border: none; cursor: pointer; display: none; height: 20px; left: 233px; opacity: 0.85; position: absolute; top: 186px; width: 40px; z-index: 8675309;"></a><a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/extension/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogger.g%3FblogID%3D4963320230136935955%23editor%2Ftarget%3Dpost%3BpostID%3D7320498388100998643&media=https%3A%2F%2Fimages-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com%2Fgadgets%2Fproxy%3Furl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252F4.bp.blogspot.com%252F-QaAdlyll-Do%252FVPu99mzLXkI%252FAAAAAAAAC2g%252FotemX7OUxrs%252Fs1600%252FIMG_3564.jpg%26container%3Dblogger%26gadget%3Da%26rewriteMime%3Dimage%252F*&xm=h&xv=sa1.35&description=" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(data:image/png; border: none; cursor: pointer; display: none; height: 20px; left: 233px; opacity: 0.85; position: absolute; top: 186px; width: 40px; z-index: 8675309;"></a>Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-24498180468690382552014-08-31T22:07:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:51:35.131-04:00Ferns in BelgiumOur last stop for fieldwork on our European fern tour was Belgium. We were hosted by <a href="http://www.pteridology.ugent.be/" target="_blank">Ronnie Viane</a> of the Biology faculty at Ghent University, and he shared with us his fabulous home fern garden and extensive personal herbarium collections before taking us out to do fieldwork in the Ardennes. We hiked through some beautiful forests and fields, and ended up at a roadside wall that had more <i>Asplenium</i> species in one place than we had seen anywhere else on the trip! It was a fantastic end to our field collections.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfPgatuFM-wPQkSC2VrQ1EA0CnVFegiKr7RQ59FJ8usZKeBEfs7skYlg1T8D5kly76Wmx8F81Qwte5dypP6pEfNHOnRIoCmgWgTIeB8tc0jOxwxSZw6lgpN27Lqu80SlJI0dSQ5thffL4/s1600/IMG_6068.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfPgatuFM-wPQkSC2VrQ1EA0CnVFegiKr7RQ59FJ8usZKeBEfs7skYlg1T8D5kly76Wmx8F81Qwte5dypP6pEfNHOnRIoCmgWgTIeB8tc0jOxwxSZw6lgpN27Lqu80SlJI0dSQ5thffL4/s1600/IMG_6068.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Beautiful fortress in Ghent</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc2QJWmFNXDp3ftCaDmesTzZoYwdYCxuCKfYScQYPmcXIrjGhQm6TPtq3RzbSjfYPS-EsqkciPd_wIeLqIZkwdu6AVDlNi8OhdWlA4Z7UHJR8HCU8Sgzz3XuK3uIQLob1Fu39w_R2rsEI/s1600/IMG_6081.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc2QJWmFNXDp3ftCaDmesTzZoYwdYCxuCKfYScQYPmcXIrjGhQm6TPtq3RzbSjfYPS-EsqkciPd_wIeLqIZkwdu6AVDlNi8OhdWlA4Z7UHJR8HCU8Sgzz3XuK3uIQLob1Fu39w_R2rsEI/s1600/IMG_6081.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris filix-mas </i>happily ensconced in the city center.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cathedral and medieval caste in La-Roche-en-Ardenne</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium trichomanes</i> ssp. <i>quadrivalens</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Snails hanging out and enjoying the calcium-rich rocks</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium fontanum</i>, not seen anywhere else on the trip and our final field collection!</td></tr>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-73204983881009986432014-08-22T21:57:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:51:16.322-04:00Bonn Botanical GardenAfter the Czech Republic, our next stop took us all the way across Germany by train, to Bonn, where we visited the <a href="http://www.botgart.uni-bonn.de/index.php" target="_blank">University of Bonn's Botanical Garden</a>. They have a wonderful collection and let us choose plants in the garden to sample from; they actually did all the work once we had identified the plants we wanted, which made our job there easy. We spent some time in the greenhouses, where they had a wonderful collection of <i>Salvinia</i>, one of only five genera of water ferns (Salviniales). <br />
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<i>Salvinia</i> has very interesting, complex hair-like structures on the top surfaces of the leaves. Their purpose isn't entirely understood, but they are thought to maintain a layer of air on the top surface of the leaf that may help the leaves remain dry and/or shed water if they get flooded. You can see these hairs in the first photo, of <i>Salvinia molesta.</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO7sGsm615tMgWhCQNjAAgP1-bbUrtn5amdTW5o8TALMbh_dhTuuM2RVqA30Q0l3dCCDly6Gyv2VVNvQsfF_Ra9xiIhGRZX3XGlqTNssS21SbP_f80Xhzy8Y7idhkreAJ3aIKoeYN7t6w/s1600/IMG_2729.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO7sGsm615tMgWhCQNjAAgP1-bbUrtn5amdTW5o8TALMbh_dhTuuM2RVqA30Q0l3dCCDly6Gyv2VVNvQsfF_Ra9xiIhGRZX3XGlqTNssS21SbP_f80Xhzy8Y7idhkreAJ3aIKoeYN7t6w/s1600/IMG_2729.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Salvinia molesta</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOPBnx_QauZrxJl_LE2QIKVw1JHkwnHljSgJZKd1L4ootfk9m4y-jsWVGWh_9dm8nQX58bFW54zzmM3lq6L3bcQCeHd7FiyvEpc6T46V05d-3A3IMOl4A6RmaEXZPdYkiFCiTztTbxyd0/s1600/IMG_2732.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><i><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOPBnx_QauZrxJl_LE2QIKVw1JHkwnHljSgJZKd1L4ootfk9m4y-jsWVGWh_9dm8nQX58bFW54zzmM3lq6L3bcQCeHd7FiyvEpc6T46V05d-3A3IMOl4A6RmaEXZPdYkiFCiTztTbxyd0/s1600/IMG_2732.jpg" width="240" /></i></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Salvinia molesta</i> (big) and <i>Salvinia minima </i>(right)</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGotiV4ircGPAxK5y-DZSwLsIyNw9dyZ5WVfBj-hPMOnwgcpwmWAb0mG-dEOc_1PZLB8UQvKlOiqfUWg1uvUyqEhT2o4L2h3gyscsyYhfghB0fu1mDOLHPcsX7XgT7Q7GbBAsQ_oXVrXQ/s1600/IMG_2736.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGotiV4ircGPAxK5y-DZSwLsIyNw9dyZ5WVfBj-hPMOnwgcpwmWAb0mG-dEOc_1PZLB8UQvKlOiqfUWg1uvUyqEhT2o4L2h3gyscsyYhfghB0fu1mDOLHPcsX7XgT7Q7GbBAsQ_oXVrXQ/s1600/IMG_2736.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Salvinia cucullata</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzmPx1z7MONozYVUwSiTA4to_iqbzWT2kXP2jobHL-vAnrN_VbC4DDCKf580-I63hPS1FZpmzlei2hFAaU-a8d9b5ECZ-_OSRmTbUqXe1J8yLUcNjTDhCmEbW021X45epHh6-qz-DT4oM/s1600/IMG_2742.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzmPx1z7MONozYVUwSiTA4to_iqbzWT2kXP2jobHL-vAnrN_VbC4DDCKf580-I63hPS1FZpmzlei2hFAaU-a8d9b5ECZ-_OSRmTbUqXe1J8yLUcNjTDhCmEbW021X45epHh6-qz-DT4oM/s1600/IMG_2742.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Salvinia biloba</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYfdlKP_wdZCYv_wRgX5fFJ9P-C5r4bkUVnYsvGY1ObUCOAWVa-oueDzISkekiSHNMjHAuUkuKifew60aSyOlnYf8XlKphN6iDlrnxcCWZNWvOWgVFrqzyGH9nUNBv4s2vwW7JMgRAK_g/s1600/IMG_2761.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYfdlKP_wdZCYv_wRgX5fFJ9P-C5r4bkUVnYsvGY1ObUCOAWVa-oueDzISkekiSHNMjHAuUkuKifew60aSyOlnYf8XlKphN6iDlrnxcCWZNWvOWgVFrqzyGH9nUNBv4s2vwW7JMgRAK_g/s1600/IMG_2761.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Salvinia oblongifolia</i></td></tr>
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Some beautiful aquatic non-ferns...<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifYzVX3PYI6a4jDQaWQKeTFlaFaE4IowIrr0nm9VNZhAwP7G8OvrG_WmGN1mYO657nMS_nUdR7-UVIorwXK9i6tCuMSGXpQIFn07_LQGklTGNM-cBH5U-Lps2Q5F9s6mmRq_peoSQCzC8/s1600/IMG_2725.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifYzVX3PYI6a4jDQaWQKeTFlaFaE4IowIrr0nm9VNZhAwP7G8OvrG_WmGN1mYO657nMS_nUdR7-UVIorwXK9i6tCuMSGXpQIFn07_LQGklTGNM-cBH5U-Lps2Q5F9s6mmRq_peoSQCzC8/s1600/IMG_2725.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Nymphoides aurantiaca</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEje9L0sSwVjJ6iSYmgN9Yq2EJroEc54Gym6i6HXBcbqQY6Tb5y3gfu09OaK1eDAjAmmGRwDrEq7aTvuLLrXPeGM2iKBeX-obo40XqkFNsQp6IfXSAz4Gav6monlzGjLLVbMSP7rr9uzunc/s1600/IMG_2752.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEje9L0sSwVjJ6iSYmgN9Yq2EJroEc54Gym6i6HXBcbqQY6Tb5y3gfu09OaK1eDAjAmmGRwDrEq7aTvuLLrXPeGM2iKBeX-obo40XqkFNsQp6IfXSAz4Gav6monlzGjLLVbMSP7rr9uzunc/s1600/IMG_2752.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Ludwigia sedioides</i></td></tr>
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The garden was full of these wonderful animal sculptures. This was near the end of the trip so the alligator/crocodile reminded us of home!</div>
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<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-68463912901469238322014-08-13T21:43:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:50:56.415-04:00Ferns in the Czech RepublicAfter our field work in Italy, the next stop on our itinerary was the Czech Republic. We reached Ceske Budejovice in the southwestern Czech Republic after spending most of a day and night on trains, from Sestri Levante to Milan, Venice, Vienna, and then Ceske. We were hosted by <a href="http://botanika.prf.jcu.cz/systematics/lekrt.html" target="_blank">Libor Ekrt</a> of the Botany Department at the University of South Bohemia, and he took us on several wonderful trips over almost all of the southern and western parts of the country.<br />
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First stop was a beautiful peatland called <span style="text-align: center;">Borkovická blata.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpjKe6033qiWlPfqn_wyIHkKxsHD3UPc-Rto0lAiMEq-vAy_jUHN_liSY-b3gVggyvBFtyJLGHL0SLZyRYw0vVJW8lAUJMsBYCOkdCPesIWsUjzumYDCJdvLvuJ68qX6ZdV0bGQKG5yRI/s1600/Borkovicka+blata.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpjKe6033qiWlPfqn_wyIHkKxsHD3UPc-Rto0lAiMEq-vAy_jUHN_liSY-b3gVggyvBFtyJLGHL0SLZyRYw0vVJW8lAUJMsBYCOkdCPesIWsUjzumYDCJdvLvuJ68qX6ZdV0bGQKG5yRI/s1600/Borkovicka+blata.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvdY5NPgUfyiFjOz8tlRDfQva-5a7PGSjZ9a2usD_295GGoTYlmZ32p7lza-7WGiM2O3hm4uyyCYRjuIO3HQdwu1mMuHYgbhO5lid-BB-5kH9YrkU8T15eDNJHNIXnGr_owjp_VnZ17Dk/s1600/Borkovicka+blata+3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvdY5NPgUfyiFjOz8tlRDfQva-5a7PGSjZ9a2usD_295GGoTYlmZ32p7lza-7WGiM2O3hm4uyyCYRjuIO3HQdwu1mMuHYgbhO5lid-BB-5kH9YrkU8T15eDNJHNIXnGr_owjp_VnZ17Dk/s1600/Borkovicka+blata+3.JPG" width="320" /></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg7NoBV-k0uGNHCGgKZgqErxbe_-0rqK_At2gfp_Dnw7-2sbF6PsEWn9OlRdftN06f-6Y0Hhe0Qm4jJ3I9XuP4dXxQUPoU9V0OH6S4AzAvyeph5nWTDmvdW10EhNltk3yNRGEA68h7kVw/s1600/Borkovicka+blata+4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg7NoBV-k0uGNHCGgKZgqErxbe_-0rqK_At2gfp_Dnw7-2sbF6PsEWn9OlRdftN06f-6Y0Hhe0Qm4jJ3I9XuP4dXxQUPoU9V0OH6S4AzAvyeph5nWTDmvdW10EhNltk3yNRGEA68h7kVw/s1600/Borkovicka+blata+4.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7ftFkIqCggo00BUIxZ0LloRO7TGv_zkJR8yEMTsnCda0D8V64Di41h4UPcE3Ie88seuAVDseO6fu7bELtpfMx0_N-nWDCqT6RvYEHt9l1e1YOS7MofKPPCzcJzOZpCajxFSQDTDe1uT4/s1600/IMG_2279.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7ftFkIqCggo00BUIxZ0LloRO7TGv_zkJR8yEMTsnCda0D8V64Di41h4UPcE3Ie88seuAVDseO6fu7bELtpfMx0_N-nWDCqT6RvYEHt9l1e1YOS7MofKPPCzcJzOZpCajxFSQDTDe1uT4/s1600/IMG_2279.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris cristata</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKeCfkFXALkxDgTfPVHCgYjTvqOaQuzZ-dYAmHWAr_2iAzbJKYTxmAdq9EhIGCGtIb0TSKt_yaY_ytar0VioASR7REQZXuBkb-iglsyDJRGx0dIFg7ELd9RT2bP_yAglmNhlVoRsRjJGg/s1600/Borkovicka+blata+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKeCfkFXALkxDgTfPVHCgYjTvqOaQuzZ-dYAmHWAr_2iAzbJKYTxmAdq9EhIGCGtIb0TSKt_yaY_ytar0VioASR7REQZXuBkb-iglsyDJRGx0dIFg7ELd9RT2bP_yAglmNhlVoRsRjJGg/s1600/Borkovicka+blata+2.JPG" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris carthusiana</i></td></tr>
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We also visited a site outside Mariánské Lázne, a town in the very western part of the country, which had a number of <i>Asplenium</i> species growing on rock outcrops.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimWbZvWZxjQ-RV5RgNTQAfEG6IcYcLGMPzjbSpo5zbdecyKqcoavbgT5zUJr9npvinTxHDW42G7XFDii2_JrNApUgHmAs61V29GjB9vxFh4YJxHemzWLiCefDZKzTMb_YrpEDg8kAWYeo/s1600/IMG_2556.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimWbZvWZxjQ-RV5RgNTQAfEG6IcYcLGMPzjbSpo5zbdecyKqcoavbgT5zUJr9npvinTxHDW42G7XFDii2_JrNApUgHmAs61V29GjB9vxFh4YJxHemzWLiCefDZKzTMb_YrpEDg8kAWYeo/s1600/IMG_2556.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium trichomanes </i>ssp. <i>quadrivalens</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvu_7OIlfhqt9CXxpqnPJbYFGrVIHnv87uOp7sFusLP9Ej4dEPiRpvin5ipJNPXwU1UDdBMn-NKJa7J1R4RirVtoLJcDEf9PoVJSWccFRDxd3PRCWN00L56ifXD-eeuG91xQOWZjI56jc/s1600/Skalni+Myln+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvu_7OIlfhqt9CXxpqnPJbYFGrVIHnv87uOp7sFusLP9Ej4dEPiRpvin5ipJNPXwU1UDdBMn-NKJa7J1R4RirVtoLJcDEf9PoVJSWccFRDxd3PRCWN00L56ifXD-eeuG91xQOWZjI56jc/s1600/Skalni+Myln+2.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium trichomanes</i></td></tr>
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And in the southeastern part of the country, we visited the Blansko district, and a densely forested site with <i>Aspleniums</i> and <i>Dryopteris filix-mas</i>, among others.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcj_P2dy6YgwDik3dAhXZnVEJ3VDNOzdoGHg6rAtbCl0ZAv3h3mSzoGY5lv5ehrioIu-DpX4x3gzhxtq5RLKczxggRDp38x1V4pjR0Ur1uyacyHWtS8jMw__D8VQB32EnN48jEb6hLPbc/s1600/Skalni+Myln+3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcj_P2dy6YgwDik3dAhXZnVEJ3VDNOzdoGHg6rAtbCl0ZAv3h3mSzoGY5lv5ehrioIu-DpX4x3gzhxtq5RLKczxggRDp38x1V4pjR0Ur1uyacyHWtS8jMw__D8VQB32EnN48jEb6hLPbc/s1600/Skalni+Myln+3.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3xnMg9mb4gByaLECzMDTGdCopsewHyJEjTnIYM1512GESmT1HP8oEAIhddKozLlf1DKL1-OfGs8G-AVu5aWso5Cpl43MqvBJjIuUH-3vpZBBC5A667-GVZvekyxAS5j7vd3lp9sq9rzw/s1600/Skalni+Myln+4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3xnMg9mb4gByaLECzMDTGdCopsewHyJEjTnIYM1512GESmT1HP8oEAIhddKozLlf1DKL1-OfGs8G-AVu5aWso5Cpl43MqvBJjIuUH-3vpZBBC5A667-GVZvekyxAS5j7vd3lp9sq9rzw/s1600/Skalni+Myln+4.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wall of <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggwuxQAyOnX2gRh2Ca_p5_SR1ovcq-M4Oa1WceCuQ4Mf7J6Zf89oIEZyP6iFp5oumW8xVASKgfDIJJvXV8cHK10He9O3DozUjfLlRrJIlIa4BdMz8ny5T0xV92nblaNJbDVAMpr2hknyA/s1600/Skalni+Myln+5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggwuxQAyOnX2gRh2Ca_p5_SR1ovcq-M4Oa1WceCuQ4Mf7J6Zf89oIEZyP6iFp5oumW8xVASKgfDIJJvXV8cHK10He9O3DozUjfLlRrJIlIa4BdMz8ny5T0xV92nblaNJbDVAMpr2hknyA/s1600/Skalni+Myln+5.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris filix-mas</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjNT6dg9uqcsWB8cxyafscwomws1dxfhpmab7i6NMaJ-zFwwy6VfAOLToiTd9hDaPfcwxFDOUtJ4yC4b4Dh1t9NVdqXdU1AeYtnQ7V66ksZMhzMws5zfN02ISo2ZtXulbz4tzVCktccWg/s1600/Skalni+Myln+6.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjNT6dg9uqcsWB8cxyafscwomws1dxfhpmab7i6NMaJ-zFwwy6VfAOLToiTd9hDaPfcwxFDOUtJ4yC4b4Dh1t9NVdqXdU1AeYtnQ7V66ksZMhzMws5zfN02ISo2ZtXulbz4tzVCktccWg/s1600/Skalni+Myln+6.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium ruta-muraria</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTyoaXEMZ1ml8CRAhylo8YXYtICajQh6KjldRFccgnvcclOUGzfbGP9146qld7OQzDciF3eAGj-w7l8Zv2r7GcPjH0BRkU258DIZ-yNhqCQLgGd2-6HmRcwkg_jBzl5InWAcqhFgJF5WM/s1600/Skalni+Myln+7.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTyoaXEMZ1ml8CRAhylo8YXYtICajQh6KjldRFccgnvcclOUGzfbGP9146qld7OQzDciF3eAGj-w7l8Zv2r7GcPjH0BRkU258DIZ-yNhqCQLgGd2-6HmRcwkg_jBzl5InWAcqhFgJF5WM/s1600/Skalni+Myln+7.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Gymnocarpium robertianum</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt9JbPAeQ2cB8rjAQHhj01wQL_DIdtMbgImxbxpdTP0FFkXnB8umZM5RHz5KW1kHIFvQTzA5eUlAukumkQfA-0PoMbayuwEHrXNL6-D_0rVj8r16NDWXwxAA_v4Muk3kvBECLlGZAkWJI/s1600/Skalni+Myln.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt9JbPAeQ2cB8rjAQHhj01wQL_DIdtMbgImxbxpdTP0FFkXnB8umZM5RHz5KW1kHIFvQTzA5eUlAukumkQfA-0PoMbayuwEHrXNL6-D_0rVj8r16NDWXwxAA_v4Muk3kvBECLlGZAkWJI/s1600/Skalni+Myln.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium trichomanes</i></td></tr>
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<a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/extension/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogger.g%3FblogID%3D4963320230136935955%23editor%2Fsrc%3Dsidebar&media=https%3A%2F%2Fimages-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com%2Fgadgets%2Fproxy%3Furl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252F1.bp.blogspot.com%252F-dyAY9fFYVTk%252FVPu0w5o0mJI%252FAAAAAAAACyI%252FP85wCOop-aY%252Fs1600%252FBorkovicka%25252Bblata%25252B4.JPG%26container%3Dblogger%26gadget%3Da%26rewriteMime%3Dimage%252F*&xm=h&xv=sa1.35&description=" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(data:image/png; border: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 20px; left: 391px; opacity: 0.85; position: absolute; top: 394px; width: 40px; z-index: 8675309;"></a><a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/extension/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogger.g%3FblogID%3D4963320230136935955%23editor%2Fsrc%3Dsidebar&media=https%3A%2F%2Fimages-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com%2Fgadgets%2Fproxy%3Furl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252F1.bp.blogspot.com%252F-dyAY9fFYVTk%252FVPu0w5o0mJI%252FAAAAAAAACyI%252FP85wCOop-aY%252Fs1600%252FBorkovicka%25252Bblata%25252B4.JPG%26container%3Dblogger%26gadget%3Da%26rewriteMime%3Dimage%252F*&xm=h&xv=sa1.35&description=" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(data:image/png; border: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 20px; left: 391px; opacity: 0.85; position: absolute; top: 394px; width: 40px; z-index: 8675309;"></a>Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963320230136935955.post-16614372711990739002014-07-31T21:24:00.000-04:002016-03-13T20:50:48.697-04:00Ferns in Italy: Liguria<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Our second field trip in Italy was to Liguria, where we hiked into an abandoned manganese mine filled with a lush, dense covering of ferns. Between the valley floor and hill we had to hike up and over to reach the mine, we crossed a number of habitat types and saw ferns with many varieties of habitat preference, from dark forest understory to exposed, gravelly cliff faces.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4TGkWfu3KfBcJOoV_g0hD8g25n1u9yrV3tRpWnZb-5vlNKAhGQBYUvMo9orGqalTCJkyYeYsLfnhrflDNXQxZ_DHuWX_ZdBJognx0QQoxFGqNZbeCWJ1T6CN0mfCuP7n2kbOCDmM6ojM/s1600/IMG_1200.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4TGkWfu3KfBcJOoV_g0hD8g25n1u9yrV3tRpWnZb-5vlNKAhGQBYUvMo9orGqalTCJkyYeYsLfnhrflDNXQxZ_DHuWX_ZdBJognx0QQoxFGqNZbeCWJ1T6CN0mfCuP7n2kbOCDmM6ojM/s1600/IMG_1200.jpg" width="248" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Me at the bottom of the valley</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig22m5nJ9M7SN3kT6HmO3_srdDVGAHGyvJxUvmr4OBjkNJnJo0bA9xMLdVnyVw7x9UPmrUzfu6q8DR2nFcDhAkHPHu1ix11SAlYO5et3p5lO_MuBONsrLE2kRcQfF_AQrrtl2LdPj-pWk/s1600/IMG_2082.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig22m5nJ9M7SN3kT6HmO3_srdDVGAHGyvJxUvmr4OBjkNJnJo0bA9xMLdVnyVw7x9UPmrUzfu6q8DR2nFcDhAkHPHu1ix11SAlYO5et3p5lO_MuBONsrLE2kRcQfF_AQrrtl2LdPj-pWk/s1600/IMG_2082.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking down at the shaft from across the valley</td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj577sEWm9uzypmQr0XHBCERXn3F-KfdiCIh-M8Q3ad65CN8soh7BzrYaTBlIdZ73UKUj01ATSJx4X-fY4Fylo8boPrxT5VbNAakmPwTG6XTLKe_VBrTuj6KwPKWcfRXjcLIBE_VJpwa3I/s1600/IMG_2090.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj577sEWm9uzypmQr0XHBCERXn3F-KfdiCIh-M8Q3ad65CN8soh7BzrYaTBlIdZ73UKUj01ATSJx4X-fY4Fylo8boPrxT5VbNAakmPwTG6XTLKe_VBrTuj6KwPKWcfRXjcLIBE_VJpwa3I/s1600/IMG_2090.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIaH_3l83gy08mb9QLxjGMFwnpZ8x4ajabVp5VQPlmLXK09k__03Zx1sY-oLV3vMEX8fmcAs6RqTacIlO6weZrm8Ig32xmPlGCWMuKrEMrMqQtYYgQ-ypH6b45KB96NQC65TTy2Q7fBoQ/s1600/IMG_2074.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIaH_3l83gy08mb9QLxjGMFwnpZ8x4ajabVp5VQPlmLXK09k__03Zx1sY-oLV3vMEX8fmcAs6RqTacIlO6weZrm8Ig32xmPlGCWMuKrEMrMqQtYYgQ-ypH6b45KB96NQC65TTy2Q7fBoQ/s1600/IMG_2074.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Cheilanthes tinaei</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiedHpQ_5rcoLOvGNq0C3poWEEFUkMxps3budPh4rotnJ3gUv56idz9DobhQKhn4Rlykn5GsFz7ED6w5iwL6AJSI8XdNjPsYNbAG1aBOQTs-7LNouUQvxOwoFy3bIIcTdWMayzPVHTg3wQ/s1600/IMG_2080.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiedHpQ_5rcoLOvGNq0C3poWEEFUkMxps3budPh4rotnJ3gUv56idz9DobhQKhn4Rlykn5GsFz7ED6w5iwL6AJSI8XdNjPsYNbAG1aBOQTs-7LNouUQvxOwoFy3bIIcTdWMayzPVHTg3wQ/s1600/IMG_2080.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , "lucida grande" , "tahoma" , "verdana" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><i>Asplenium foreziense</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi58LOHtQYcGIDebmqOsMC0zq5O_oo7BhxwEhmvDgATtzIMJBQ2i4mOO6XJKOovGnHYwEwzAVfW5Q3ujHcgTwf0PDC34IKE_9qdTFhvd7A-CwMkXG8k3Cs1jLQLbHWascdRqjpdic1iqJE/s1600/IMG_2072.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi58LOHtQYcGIDebmqOsMC0zq5O_oo7BhxwEhmvDgATtzIMJBQ2i4mOO6XJKOovGnHYwEwzAVfW5Q3ujHcgTwf0PDC34IKE_9qdTFhvd7A-CwMkXG8k3Cs1jLQLbHWascdRqjpdic1iqJE/s1600/IMG_2072.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium septentrionale</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-3LEgnnNecsDa8IYM_lpQPy8dFG6N9Dw1-JRCChs3ObB8Kr9zYWQ8hPP57kbD0T7rXHhtN3zTX7TNTQnOIQCquvnkhConq1vKFbr2knbgY5GFrDJMG1IXlioLWuKwHlBFvl2Xf2HX-4E/s1600/IMG_2063.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-3LEgnnNecsDa8IYM_lpQPy8dFG6N9Dw1-JRCChs3ObB8Kr9zYWQ8hPP57kbD0T7rXHhtN3zTX7TNTQnOIQCquvnkhConq1vKFbr2knbgY5GFrDJMG1IXlioLWuKwHlBFvl2Xf2HX-4E/s1600/IMG_2063.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Paragymnopteris</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9XI1hQOEUru5wOcHprVTOlbGhM2YgFeUmqgIauTW-IZJFGmX0S4E38bVEHBRZ3UOp7LIgZpYVld6DfZetoFeXiDXy4-7iwybkWlII3ur8XDGS0nnG7Atx0rNE6V8uMyCLSj49r1BC31Y/s1600/IMG_2098.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9XI1hQOEUru5wOcHprVTOlbGhM2YgFeUmqgIauTW-IZJFGmX0S4E38bVEHBRZ3UOp7LIgZpYVld6DfZetoFeXiDXy4-7iwybkWlII3ur8XDGS0nnG7Atx0rNE6V8uMyCLSj49r1BC31Y/s1600/IMG_2098.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium onopteris</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguxfwmaX_5atwKz5PZA_TeYmSj3FMeMe5zfixO1K2ERW2YkWnn7XWnGcc5-zz70ymXonKE61Yk-LqCbfGWREWk4wrTbqJSO2UN0UrepJdXVwq5sEhK1RadlVkFTEbKKC-xqqobOnbvIgk/s1600/IMG_2107.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguxfwmaX_5atwKz5PZA_TeYmSj3FMeMe5zfixO1K2ERW2YkWnn7XWnGcc5-zz70ymXonKE61Yk-LqCbfGWREWk4wrTbqJSO2UN0UrepJdXVwq5sEhK1RadlVkFTEbKKC-xqqobOnbvIgk/s1600/IMG_2107.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDsVb9lu2wX-5zPUezlq1i4Kz7g1UjE8I-80S_pssleDmYkPT1n4jew93cZtlikvRR2puwe-HAgJ74knOD-boV4rjFsvp7IsYSslIkQ7zf4UDDH_izURZxk9g27DR50916eb1xoJcAgb8/s1600/IMG_2142.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDsVb9lu2wX-5zPUezlq1i4Kz7g1UjE8I-80S_pssleDmYkPT1n4jew93cZtlikvRR2puwe-HAgJ74knOD-boV4rjFsvp7IsYSslIkQ7zf4UDDH_izURZxk9g27DR50916eb1xoJcAgb8/s1600/IMG_2142.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The red is from the manganese</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcU2UFoagAO8bBZ97icC6r8cHmkL0d5ufRgIv4EVkwSLkdEvHpPNyOTm5-mKnXUAClGIfEYjpmwTcF1YsepoMXgvlOryx16HgzWYc6SOB0i6dpon2S6SNfDTSGby1QBuTtaWSgmzH3p38/s1600/IMG_2143.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcU2UFoagAO8bBZ97icC6r8cHmkL0d5ufRgIv4EVkwSLkdEvHpPNyOTm5-mKnXUAClGIfEYjpmwTcF1YsepoMXgvlOryx16HgzWYc6SOB0i6dpon2S6SNfDTSGby1QBuTtaWSgmzH3p38/s1600/IMG_2143.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Abandoned mine tracks</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRAarV3QFG4BLtC4wCJPnJq1SF2C_1HR6eu1R-1L5TPfgVYnSJT1pguUaB3YsAQ7XIgb_k_PE8JrVoCJsw6GHjob2vpPlvH8xWBpwn_czQkmzWE_7gWxWAoSHpsHTNqQRs4_4hd7Nd-GY/s1600/IMG_2099.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRAarV3QFG4BLtC4wCJPnJq1SF2C_1HR6eu1R-1L5TPfgVYnSJT1pguUaB3YsAQ7XIgb_k_PE8JrVoCJsw6GHjob2vpPlvH8xWBpwn_czQkmzWE_7gWxWAoSHpsHTNqQRs4_4hd7Nd-GY/s1600/IMG_2099.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Abandoned mine cart</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM5D3n2kS299adB3A5NY8DsYcBtIObN2PXZsqoCnMmJPraKwD-viIEw4Q8Qf8wvYddI5FWzRkObNsEK7eJa9Bz2rDL8YiFzl_KrWRUVA9QnwlTIK4rxGx9sJWOgWWPiTRF1TY6gYO05cw/s1600/IMG_2173.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM5D3n2kS299adB3A5NY8DsYcBtIObN2PXZsqoCnMmJPraKwD-viIEw4Q8Qf8wvYddI5FWzRkObNsEK7eJa9Bz2rDL8YiFzl_KrWRUVA9QnwlTIK4rxGx9sJWOgWWPiTRF1TY6gYO05cw/s1600/IMG_2173.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8UHdsd0CYOaplJUEcs4I-BZ0lrl9HbU7g8BNIrzm2J4A0IiVwxQZgOEnDYNrw6HiNgKf3gzXjZrTxXkO_glilV2SboO_VVgWOTkGBTbntID1KiJcPz3TEpbhyphenhyphengaeh_xT8vvTJ1_LVbPM/s1600/IMG_2112.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8UHdsd0CYOaplJUEcs4I-BZ0lrl9HbU7g8BNIrzm2J4A0IiVwxQZgOEnDYNrw6HiNgKf3gzXjZrTxXkO_glilV2SboO_VVgWOTkGBTbntID1KiJcPz3TEpbhyphenhyphengaeh_xT8vvTJ1_LVbPM/s1600/IMG_2112.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dryopteris dilatata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjJQafGDbtsbOXxfITVR4QhJylDPzQ6KWshfQJ2SBGwg8DGyeUfmRZzmpr9aU0EQaNs6EUoOlLKhrCMcYrXG8t9cooj4d1waFx6JpkaiLhupQMe57xipnZ7xU-qbxKblmv7dlqgaP2Zn8/s1600/IMG_2182.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjJQafGDbtsbOXxfITVR4QhJylDPzQ6KWshfQJ2SBGwg8DGyeUfmRZzmpr9aU0EQaNs6EUoOlLKhrCMcYrXG8t9cooj4d1waFx6JpkaiLhupQMe57xipnZ7xU-qbxKblmv7dlqgaP2Zn8/s1600/IMG_2182.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium</i> x <i>sleepiaea</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3dk46S25-1QHNgOOtmKNax-pJ3OoTaCh-lIRZ1Zz_1LwcWZRAxw3hYPyU6fAlVAkSJOpVxwDmOJOcN0d9fSH1W2fDEktZcVMxSVVY7Uu3kVGQUpT8Ho-FqZ53nziCAIL25WCOhM2goro/s1600/IMG_2220.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3dk46S25-1QHNgOOtmKNax-pJ3OoTaCh-lIRZ1Zz_1LwcWZRAxw3hYPyU6fAlVAkSJOpVxwDmOJOcN0d9fSH1W2fDEktZcVMxSVVY7Uu3kVGQUpT8Ho-FqZ53nziCAIL25WCOhM2goro/s1600/IMG_2220.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit2RSvWXg76Olq13jzbpwUY2XjtbLJnJwkSB7fuKwmoa0JWwBjMePWrJBIxU5XyRIU5sdgVHjXBqL68VS2gC48wl-VGMjSybn3JeeKHo2NKfYM235gnQFRIV_2-4iDWffaQEWVMH0mC50/s1600/IMG_2232.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit2RSvWXg76Olq13jzbpwUY2XjtbLJnJwkSB7fuKwmoa0JWwBjMePWrJBIxU5XyRIU5sdgVHjXBqL68VS2gC48wl-VGMjSybn3JeeKHo2NKfYM235gnQFRIV_2-4iDWffaQEWVMH0mC50/s1600/IMG_2232.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Asplenium trichomanes</i> ssp. <i>trichomanes</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMxMPecCqn5f7sqSjI_ut9B47UYy-Xsta9RecSjF0lqqN8peQVW_wG_o1CBDzkRhHzd1Yz1kEni2kC-AJ1eIQ6Mvk20GgSPyNKoEU23ED2j4IvLLE-CPNlkYz_2rB-dTRIaa6bGYcG2Lk/s1600/IMG_2262.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMxMPecCqn5f7sqSjI_ut9B47UYy-Xsta9RecSjF0lqqN8peQVW_wG_o1CBDzkRhHzd1Yz1kEni2kC-AJ1eIQ6Mvk20GgSPyNKoEU23ED2j4IvLLE-CPNlkYz_2rB-dTRIaa6bGYcG2Lk/s1600/IMG_2262.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Notholaena</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioTiUHIIy_NTkpVP-ugi2M7WFFH_OwLjX1bIaaZKTDYbF1T8vWOftFuRXfqvziNxZNgMiUZPk4HqoegtP5YoaYk-uc1XjiS-BOIua1BFFxhQ8uJzxtUQPWi-g90XDAvN0P3c3bP2zLCH8/s1600/1529769_10202886888667954_920132832058376119_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioTiUHIIy_NTkpVP-ugi2M7WFFH_OwLjX1bIaaZKTDYbF1T8vWOftFuRXfqvziNxZNgMiUZPk4HqoegtP5YoaYk-uc1XjiS-BOIua1BFFxhQ8uJzxtUQPWi-g90XDAvN0P3c3bP2zLCH8/s1600/1529769_10202886888667954_920132832058376119_o.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pressing and labeling all our collections</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />Emilyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07451664593273737083noreply@blogger.com0